PUCCH Based Beam Failure Recovery Procedure

ABSTRACT

A wireless device receives one or more messages comprising one or more configuration parameters indicating: one or more reference signals for a beam failure detection procedure; and a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for controlling transitions between a DRX inactive state and a DRX active state. The beam failure detection procedure is performed based on measurements of the one or more reference signals. A first value of a counter is determined based on detecting at least one beam failure instance during the DRX active state. A transition from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state is made based on the DRX configuration. The beam failure detection procedure is stopped in response to the transitioning. The beam failure detection procedure continues with the first value of the counter after transitioning from the DRX inactive state to the DRX active state.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/438,811, filed Jun. 12, 2019, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/688,327, filed Jun. 21, 2018, each of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE SEVERAL VIEWS OF THE DRAWINGS

Examples of several of the various embodiments of the present disclosure are described herein with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a diagram of an example RAN architecture as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2A is a diagram of an example user plane protocol stack as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 2B is a diagram of an example control plane protocol stack as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 3 is a diagram of an example wireless device and two base stations as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D are example diagrams for uplink and downlink signal transmission as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5A is a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and example uplink physical signals as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 5B is a diagram of an example downlink channel mapping and example downlink physical signals as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting an example transmission time or reception time for a carrier as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are diagrams depicting example sets of OFDM subcarriers as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 8 is a diagram depicting example OFDM radio resources as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 9A is a diagram depicting an example CSI-RS and/or SS block transmission in a multi-beam system.

FIG. 9B is a diagram depicting an example downlink beam management procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 10 is an example diagram of configured BWPs as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 11A, and FIG. 11B are diagrams of an example multi connectivity as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 12 is a diagram of an example random access procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 13 is a structure of example MAC entities as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 14 is a diagram of an example RAN architecture as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 15 is a diagram of example RRC states as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 16A and FIG. 16B are examples of downlink beam failure scenario as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 17 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 18 is an example of a request configuration for beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 19 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 20 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 21 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 22 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 23 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 24 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 25 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 26 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 27 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 28 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 29 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 30 is an example of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 31 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 32 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 33 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 34 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 35 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

FIG. 36 is a flow chart of an aspect of an example embodiment of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS

Example embodiments of the present disclosure enable operation of beam failure recovery procedure. Embodiments of the technology disclosed herein may be employed in the technical field of multicarrier communication systems. More particularly, the embodiments of the technology disclosed herein may relate to beam failure recovery procedure in a multicarrier communication systems.

The following Acronyms are used throughout the present disclosure:

-   3GPP 3rd Generation Partnership Project -   5GC 5G Core Network -   ACK Acknowledgement -   AMF Access and Mobility Management Function -   ARQ Automatic Repeat Request -   AS Access Stratum -   ASIC Application-Specific Integrated Circuit -   BA Bandwidth Adaptation -   BCCH Broadcast Control Channel -   BCH Broadcast Channel -   BPSK Binary Phase Shift Keying -   BWP Bandwidth Part -   BSR Buffer Status Report -   CA Carrier Aggregation -   CC Component Carrier -   CCCH Common Control CHannel -   CDMA Code Division Multiple Access -   CN Core Network -   CP Cyclic Prefix -   CP-OFDM Cyclic Prefix-Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex -   C-RNTI Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier -   CS Configured Scheduling -   CSI Channel State Information -   CSI-RS Channel State Information-Reference Signal -   CQI Channel Quality Indicator -   CSS Common Search Space -   CU Central Unit -   DC Dual Connectivity -   DCCH Dedicated Control Channel -   DCI Downlink Control Information -   DL Downlink -   DL-SCH Downlink Shared CHannel -   DM-RS DeModulation Reference Signal -   DRB Data Radio Bearer -   DRX Discontinuous Reception -   DTCH Dedicated Traffic Channel -   DU Distributed Unit -   EPC Evolved Packet Core -   E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access -   E-UTRAN Evolved-Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network -   FDD Frequency Division Duplex -   FPGA Field Programmable Gate Arrays -   F1-C F1-Control plane -   F1-U F1-User plane -   gNB next generation Node B -   HARQ Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest -   HDL Hardware Description Languages -   IE Information Element -   IP Internet Protocol -   LCID Logical Channel Identifier -   LTE Long Term Evolution -   MAC Media Access Control -   MCG Master Cell Group -   MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme -   MeNB Master evolved Node B -   MIB Master Information Block -   MME Mobility Management Entity -   MN Master Node -   NACK Negative Acknowledgement -   NAS Non-Access Stratum -   NG CP Next Generation Control Plane -   NGC Next Generation Core -   NG-C NG-Control plane -   ng-eNB next generation evolved Node B -   NG-U NG-User plane -   NR New Radio -   NR MAC New Radio MAC -   NR PDCP New Radio PDCP -   NR PHY New Radio PHYsical -   NR RLC New Radio RLC -   NR RRC New Radio RRC -   NSSAI Network Slice Selection Assistance Information -   O&M Operation and Maintenance -   OFDM orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing -   PBCH Physical Broadcast CHannel -   PCC Primary Component Carrier -   PCCH Paging Control CHannel -   PCell Primary Cell -   PCH Paging CHannel -   PDCCH Physical Downlink Control CHannel -   PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol -   PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared CHannel -   PDU Protocol Data Unit -   PHICH Physical HARQ Indicator CHannel -   PHY PHYsical -   PLMN Public Land Mobile Network -   PMI Precoding Matrix Indicator -   PRACH Physical Random Access CHannel -   PRB Physical Resource Block -   PSCell Primary Secondary Cell -   PSS Primary Synchronization Signal -   pTAG primary Timing Advance Group -   PT-RS Phase Tracking Reference Signal -   PUCCH Physical Uplink Control CHannel -   PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared CHannel -   QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation -   QFI Quality of Service Indicator -   QoS Quality of Service -   QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying -   RA Random Access -   RACH Random Access CHannel -   RAN Radio Access Network -   RAT Radio Access Technology -   RA-RNTI Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Identifier -   RB Resource Blocks -   RBG Resource Block Groups -   RI Rank indicator -   RLC Radio Link Control -   RRC Radio Resource Control -   RS Reference Signal -   RSRP Reference Signal Received Power -   SCC Secondary Component Carrier -   SCell Secondary Cell -   SCG Secondary Cell Group -   SC-FDMA Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access -   SDAP Service Data Adaptation Protocol -   SDU Service Data Unit -   SeNB Secondary evolved Node B -   SFN System Frame Number -   S-GW Serving GateWay -   SI System Information -   SIB System Information Block -   SMF Session Management Function -   SN Secondary Node -   SpCell Special Cell -   SR Scheduling Request -   SRB Signaling Radio Bearer -   SRS Sounding Reference Signal -   SS Synchronization Signal -   SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal -   sTAG secondary Timing Advance Group -   TA Timing Advance -   TAG Timing Advance Group -   TAI Tracking Area Identifier -   TAT Time Alignment Timer -   TB Transport Block -   TC-RNTI Temporary Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier -   TDD Time Division Duplex -   TDMA Time Division Multiple Access -   TTI Transmission Time Interval -   UCI Uplink Control Information -   UE User Equipment -   UL Uplink -   UL-SCH Uplink Shared CHannel -   UPF User Plane Function -   UPGW User Plane Gateway -   VHDL VHSIC Hardware Description Language -   Xn-C Xn-Control plane -   Xn-U Xn-User plane

Example embodiments of the disclosure may be implemented using various physical layer modulation and transmission mechanisms. Example transmission mechanisms may include, but are not limited to: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), Wavelet technologies, and/or the like. Hybrid transmission mechanisms such as TDMA/CDMA, and OFDM/CDMA may also be employed. Various modulation schemes may be applied for signal transmission in the physical layer. Examples of modulation schemes include, but are not limited to: phase, amplitude, code, a combination of these, and/or the like. An example radio transmission method may implement Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) using Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK), Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16-QAM, 64-QAM, 256-QAM, and/or the like. Physical radio transmission may be enhanced by dynamically or semi-dynamically changing the modulation and coding scheme depending on transmission requirements and radio conditions.

FIG. 1 is an example Radio Access Network (RAN) architecture as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. As illustrated in this example, a RAN node may be a next generation Node B (gNB) (e.g. 120A, 120B) providing New Radio (NR) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards a first wireless device (e.g. 110A). In an example, a RAN node may be a next generation evolved Node B (ng-eNB) (e.g. 120C, 120D), providing Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) user plane and control plane protocol terminations towards a second wireless device (e.g. 110B). The first wireless device may communicate with a gNB over a Uu interface. The second wireless device may communicate with a ng-eNB over a Uu interface.

A gNB or an ng-eNB may host functions such as radio resource management and scheduling, IP header compression, encryption and integrity protection of data, selection of Access and Mobility Management Function (AMF) at User Equipment (UE) attachment, routing of user plane and control plane data, connection setup and release, scheduling and transmission of paging messages (originated from the AMF), scheduling and transmission of system broadcast information (originated from the AMF or Operation and Maintenance (O&M)), measurement and measurement reporting configuration, transport level packet marking in the uplink, session management, support of network slicing, Quality of Service (QoS) flow management and mapping to data radio bearers, support of UEs in RRC_INACTIVE state, distribution function for Non-Access Stratum (NAS) messages, RAN sharing, dual connectivity or tight interworking between NR and E-UTRA.

In an example, one or more gNBs and/or one or more ng-eNBs may be interconnected with each other by means of Xn interface. A gNB or an ng-eNB may be connected by means of NG interfaces to 5G Core Network (5GC). In an example, 5GC may comprise one or more AMF/User Plan Function (UPF) functions (e.g. 130A or 130B). A gNB or an ng-eNB may be connected to a UPF by means of an NG-User plane (NG-U) interface. The NG-U interface may provide delivery (e.g. non-guaranteed delivery) of user plane Protocol Data Units (PDUs) between a RAN node and the UPF. A gNB or an ng-eNB may be connected to an AMF by means of an NG-Control plane (NG-C) interface. The NG-C interface may provide functions such as NG interface management, UE context management, UE mobility management, transport of NAS messages, paging, PDU session management, configuration transfer or warning message transmission.

In an example, a UPF may host functions such as anchor point for intra-/inter-Radio Access Technology (RAT) mobility (when applicable), external PDU session point of interconnect to data network, packet routing and forwarding, packet inspection and user plane part of policy rule enforcement, traffic usage reporting, uplink classifier to support routing traffic flows to a data network, branching point to support multi-homed PDU session, QoS handling for user plane, e.g. packet filtering, gating, Uplink (UL)/Downlink (DL) rate enforcement, uplink traffic verification (e.g. Service Data Flow (SDF) to QoS flow mapping), downlink packet buffering and/or downlink data notification triggering.

In an example, an AMF may host functions such as NAS signaling termination, NAS signaling security, Access Stratum (AS) security control, inter Core Network (CN) node signaling for mobility between 3^(rd) Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) access networks, idle mode UE reachability (e.g., control and execution of paging retransmission), registration area management, support of intra-system and inter-system mobility, access authentication, access authorization including check of roaming rights, mobility management control (subscription and policies), support of network slicing and/or Session Management Function (SMF) selection.

FIG. 2A is an example user plane protocol stack, where Service Data Adaptation Protocol (SDAP) (e.g. 211 and 221), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) (e.g. 212 and 222), Radio Link Control (RLC) (e.g. 213 and 223) and Media Access Control (MAC) (e.g. 214 and 224) sublayers and Physical (PHY) (e.g. 215 and 225) layer may be terminated in wireless device (e.g. 110) and gNB (e.g. 120) on the network side. In an example, a PHY layer provides transport services to higher layers (e.g. MAC, RRC, etc.). In an example, services and functions of a MAC sublayer may comprise mapping between logical channels and transport channels, multiplexing/demultiplexing of MAC Service Data Units (SDUs) belonging to one or different logical channels into/from Transport Blocks (TBs) delivered to/from the PHY layer, scheduling information reporting, error correction through Hybrid Automatic Repeat request (HARQ) (e.g. one HARQ entity per carrier in case of Carrier Aggregation (CA)), priority handling between UEs by means of dynamic scheduling, priority handling between logical channels of one UE by means of logical channel prioritization, and/or padding. A MAC entity may support one or multiple numerologies and/or transmission timings. In an example, mapping restrictions in a logical channel prioritization may control which numerology and/or transmission timing a logical channel may use. In an example, an RLC sublayer may supports transparent mode (TM), unacknowledged mode (UM) and acknowledged mode (AM) transmission modes. The RLC configuration may be per logical channel with no dependency on numerologies and/or Transmission Time Interval (TTI) durations. In an example, Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ) may operate on any of the numerologies and/or TTI durations the logical channel is configured with. In an example, services and functions of the PDCP layer for the user plane may comprise sequence numbering, header compression and decompression, transfer of user data, reordering and duplicate detection, PDCP PDU routing (e.g. in case of split bearers), retransmission of PDCP SDUs, ciphering, deciphering and integrity protection, PDCP SDU discard, PDCP re-establishment and data recovery for RLC AM, and/or duplication of PDCP PDUs. In an example, services and functions of SDAP may comprise mapping between a QoS flow and a data radio bearer. In an example, services and functions of SDAP may comprise mapping Quality of Service Indicator (QFI) in DL and UL packets. In an example, a protocol entity of SDAP may be configured for an individual PDU session.

FIG. 2B is an example control plane protocol stack where PDCP (e.g. 233 and 242), RLC (e.g. 234 and 243) and MAC (e.g. 235 and 244) sublayers and PHY (e.g. 236 and 245) layer may be terminated in wireless device (e.g. 110) and gNB (e.g. 120) on a network side and perform service and functions described above. In an example, RRC (e.g. 232 and 241) may be terminated in a wireless device and a gNB on a network side. In an example, services and functions of RRC may comprise broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS, paging initiated by 5GC or RAN, establishment, maintenance and release of an RRC connection between the UE and RAN, security functions including key management, establishment, configuration, maintenance and release of Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and Data Radio Bearers (DRBs), mobility functions, QoS management functions, UE measurement reporting and control of the reporting, detection of and recovery from radio link failure, and/or NAS message transfer to/from NAS from/to a UE. In an example, NAS control protocol (e.g. 231 and 251) may be terminated in the wireless device and AMF (e.g. 130) on a network side and may perform functions such as authentication, mobility management between a UE and a AMF for 3GPP access and non-3GPP access, and session management between a UE and a SMF for 3GPP access and non-3GPP access.

In an example, a base station may configure a plurality of logical channels for a wireless device. A logical channel in the plurality of logical channels may correspond to a radio bearer and the radio bearer may be associated with a QoS requirement. In an example, a base station may configure a logical channel to be mapped to one or more TTIs/numerologies in a plurality of TTIs/numerologies. The wireless device may receive a Downlink Control Information (DCI) via Physical Downlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) indicating an uplink grant. In an example, the uplink grant may be for a first TTI/numerology and may indicate uplink resources for transmission of a transport block. The base station may configure each logical channel in the plurality of logical channels with one or more parameters to be used by a logical channel prioritization procedure at the MAC layer of the wireless device. The one or more parameters may comprise priority, prioritized bit rate, etc. A logical channel in the plurality of logical channels may correspond to one or more buffers comprising data associated with the logical channel. The logical channel prioritization procedure may allocate the uplink resources to one or more first logical channels in the plurality of logical channels and/or one or more MAC Control Elements (CEs). The one or more first logical channels may be mapped to the first TTI/numerology. The MAC layer at the wireless device may multiplex one or more MAC CEs and/or one or more MAC SDUs (e.g., logical channel) in a MAC PDU (e.g., transport block). In an example, the MAC PDU may comprise a MAC header comprising a plurality of MAC sub-headers. A MAC sub-header in the plurality of MAC sub-headers may correspond to a MAC CE or a MAC SUD (logical channel) in the one or more MAC CEs and/or one or more MAC SDUs. In an example, a MAC CE or a logical channel may be configured with a Logical Channel IDentifier (LCD). In an example, LCID for a logical channel or a MAC CE may be fixed/pre-configured. In an example, LCD for a logical channel or MAC CE may be configured for the wireless device by the base station. The MAC sub-header corresponding to a MAC CE or a MAC SDU may comprise LCD associated with the MAC CE or the MAC SDU.

In an example, a base station may activate and/or deactivate and/or impact one or more processes (e.g., set values of one or more parameters of the one or more processes or start and/or stop one or more timers of the one or more processes) at the wireless device by employing one or more MAC commands. The one or more MAC commands may comprise one or more MAC control elements. In an example, the one or more processes may comprise activation and/or deactivation of PDCP packet duplication for one or more radio bearers. The base station may transmit a MAC CE comprising one or more fields, the values of the fields indicating activation and/or deactivation of PDCP duplication for the one or more radio bearers. In an example, the one or more processes may comprise Channel State Information (CSI) transmission of on one or more cells. The base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs indicating activation and/or deactivation of the CSI transmission on the one or more cells. In an example, the one or more processes may comprise activation or deactivation of one or more secondary cells. In an example, the base station may transmit a MA CE indicating activation or deactivation of one or more secondary cells. In an example, the base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs indicating starting and/or stopping one or more Discontinuous Reception (DRX) timers at the wireless device. In an example, the base station may transmit one or more MAC CEs indicating one or more timing advance values for one or more Timing Advance Groups (TAGs).

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of base stations (base station 1, 120A, and base station 2, 120B) and a wireless device 110. A wireless device may be called an UE. A base station may be called a NB, eNB, gNB, and/or ng-eNB. In an example, a wireless device and/or a base station may act as a relay node. The base station 1, 120A, may comprise at least one communication interface 320A (e.g. a wireless modem, an antenna, a wired modem, and/or the like), at least one processor 321A, and at least one set of program code instructions 323A stored in non-transitory memory 322A and executable by the at least one processor 321A. The base station 2, 120B, may comprise at least one communication interface 320B, at least one processor 321B, and at least one set of program code instructions 323B stored in non-transitory memory 322B and executable by the at least one processor 321B.

A base station may comprise many sectors for example: 1, 2, 3, 4, or 6 sectors. A base station may comprise many cells, for example, ranging from 1 to 50 cells or more. A cell may be categorized, for example, as a primary cell or secondary cell. At Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection establishment/re-establishment/handover, one serving cell may provide the NAS (non-access stratum) mobility information (e.g. Tracking Area Identifier (TAI)). At RRC connection re-establishment/handover, one serving cell may provide the security input. This cell may be referred to as the Primary Cell (PCell). In the downlink, a carrier corresponding to the PCell may be a DL Primary Component Carrier (PCC), while in the uplink, a carrier may be an UL PCC. Depending on wireless device capabilities, Secondary Cells (SCells) may be configured to form together with a PCell a set of serving cells. In a downlink, a carrier corresponding to an SCell may be a downlink secondary component carrier (DL SCC), while in an uplink, a carrier may be an uplink secondary component carrier (UL SCC). An SCell may or may not have an uplink carrier.

A cell, comprising a downlink carrier and optionally an uplink carrier, may be assigned a physical cell ID and a cell index. A carrier (downlink or uplink) may belong to one cell. The cell ID or cell index may also identify the downlink carrier or uplink carrier of the cell (depending on the context it is used). In the disclosure, a cell ID may be equally referred to a carrier ID, and a cell index may be referred to a carrier index. In an implementation, a physical cell ID or a cell index may be assigned to a cell. A cell ID may be determined using a synchronization signal transmitted on a downlink carrier. A cell index may be determined using RRC messages. For example, when the disclosure refers to a first physical cell ID for a first downlink carrier, the disclosure may mean the first physical cell ID is for a cell comprising the first downlink carrier. The same concept may apply to, for example, carrier activation. When the disclosure indicates that a first carrier is activated, the specification may equally mean that a cell comprising the first carrier is activated.

A base station may transmit to a wireless device one or more messages (e.g. RRC messages) comprising a plurality of configuration parameters for one or more cells. One or more cells may comprise at least one primary cell and at least one secondary cell. In an example, an RRC message may be broadcasted or unicasted to the wireless device. In an example, configuration parameters may comprise common parameters and dedicated parameters.

Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may comprise at least one of: broadcast of system information related to AS and NAS; paging initiated by 5GC and/or NG-RAN; establishment, maintenance, and/or release of an RRC connection between a wireless device and NG-RAN, which may comprise at least one of addition, modification and release of carrier aggregation; or addition, modification, and/or release of dual connectivity in NR or between E-UTRA and NR. Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may further comprise at least one of security functions comprising key management; establishment, configuration, maintenance, and/or release of Signaling Radio Bearers (SRBs) and/or Data Radio Bearers (DRBs); mobility functions which may comprise at least one of a handover (e.g. intra NR mobility or inter-RAT mobility) and a context transfer; or a wireless device cell selection and reselection and control of cell selection and reselection. Services and/or functions of an RRC sublayer may further comprise at least one of QoS management functions; a wireless device measurement configuration/reporting; detection of and/or recovery from radio link failure; or NAS message transfer to/from a core network entity (e.g. AMF, Mobility Management Entity (MME)) from/to the wireless device.

An RRC sublayer may support an RRC_Idle state, an RRC_Inactive state and/or an RRC_Connected state for a wireless device. In an RRC_Idle state, a wireless device may perform at least one of: Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) selection; receiving broadcasted system information; cell selection/re-selection; monitoring/receiving a paging for mobile terminated data initiated by 5GC; paging for mobile terminated data area managed by 5GC; or DRX for CN paging configured via NAS. In an RRC_Inactive state, a wireless device may perform at least one of: receiving broadcasted system information; cell selection/re-selection; monitoring/receiving a RAN/CN paging initiated by NG-RAN/5GC; RAN-based notification area (RNA) managed by NG-RAN; or DRX for RAN/CN paging configured by NG-RAN/NAS. In an RRC_Idle state of a wireless device, a base station (e.g. NG-RAN) may keep a 5GC-NG-RAN connection (both C/U-planes) for the wireless device; and/or store a UE AS context for the wireless device. In an RRC_Connected state of a wireless device, a base station (e.g. NG-RAN) may perform at least one of: establishment of 5GC-NG-RAN connection (both C/U-planes) for the wireless device; storing a UE AS context for the wireless device; transmit/receive of unicast data to/from the wireless device; or network-controlled mobility based on measurement results received from the wireless device. In an RRC_Connected state of a wireless device, an NG-RAN may know a cell that the wireless device belongs to.

System information (SI) may be divided into minimum SI and other SI. The minimum SI may be periodically broadcast. The minimum SI may comprise basic information required for initial access and information for acquiring any other SI broadcast periodically or provisioned on-demand, i.e. scheduling information. The other SI may either be broadcast, or be provisioned in a dedicated manner, either triggered by a network or upon request from a wireless device. A minimum SI may be transmitted via two different downlink channels using different messages (e.g. MasterInformationBlock and SystemInformationBlockType1). Another SI may be transmitted via SystemInformationBlockType2. For a wireless device in an RRC_Connected state, dedicated RRC signaling may be employed for the request and delivery of the other SI. For the wireless device in the RRC_Idle state and/or the RRC_Inactive state, the request may trigger a random-access procedure.

A wireless device may report its radio access capability information which may be static. A base station may request what capabilities for a wireless device to report based on band information. When allowed by a network, a temporary capability restriction request may be sent by the wireless device to signal the limited availability of some capabilities (e.g. due to hardware sharing, interference or overheating) to the base station. The base station may confirm or reject the request. The temporary capability restriction may be transparent to 5GC (e.g., static capabilities may be stored in 5GC).

When CA is configured, a wireless device may have an RRC connection with a network. At RRC connection establishment/re-establishment/handover procedure, one serving cell may provide NAS mobility information, and at RRC connection re-establishment/handover, one serving cell may provide a security input. This cell may be referred to as the PCell. Depending on the capabilities of the wireless device, SCells may be configured to form together with the PCell a set of serving cells. The configured set of serving cells for the wireless device may comprise one PCell and one or more SCells.

The reconfiguration, addition and removal of SCells may be performed by RRC. At intra-NR handover, RRC may also add, remove, or reconfigure SCells for usage with the target PCell. When adding a new SCell, dedicated RRC signaling may be employed to send all required system information of the SCell i.e. while in connected mode, wireless devices may not need to acquire broadcasted system information directly from the SCells.

The purpose of an RRC connection reconfiguration procedure may be to modify an RRC connection, (e.g. to establish, modify and/or release RBs, to perform handover, to setup, modify, and/or release measurements, to add, modify, and/or release SCells and cell groups). As part of the RRC connection reconfiguration procedure, NAS dedicated information may be transferred from the network to the wireless device. The RRCConnectionReconfiguration message may be a command to modify an RRC connection. It may convey information for measurement configuration, mobility control, radio resource configuration (e.g. RBs, MAC main configuration and physical channel configuration) comprising any associated dedicated NAS information and security configuration. If the received RRC Connection Reconfiguration message includes the sCellToReleaseList, the wireless device may perform an SCell release. If the received RRC Connection Reconfiguration message includes the sCellToAddModList, the wireless device may perform SCell additions or modification.

An RRC connection establishment (or reestablishment, resume) procedure may be to establish (or reestablish, resume) an RRC connection. an RRC connection establishment procedure may comprise SRB1 establishment. The RRC connection establishment procedure may be used to transfer the initial NAS dedicated information/message from a wireless device to E-UTRAN. The RRCConnectionReestablishment message may be used to re-establish SRB1.

A measurement report procedure may be to transfer measurement results from a wireless device to NG-RAN. The wireless device may initiate a measurement report procedure after successful security activation. A measurement report message may be employed to transmit measurement results.

The wireless device 110 may comprise at least one communication interface 310 (e.g. a wireless modem, an antenna, and/or the like), at least one processor 314, and at least one set of program code instructions 316 stored in non-transitory memory 315 and executable by the at least one processor 314. The wireless device 110 may further comprise at least one of at least one speaker/microphone 311, at least one keypad 312, at least one display/touchpad 313, at least one power source 317, at least one global positioning system (GPS) chipset 318, and other peripherals 319.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A of the base station 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B of the base station 2 120B may comprise at least one of a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a controller, a microcontroller, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a field programmable gate array (FPGA) and/or other programmable logic device, discrete gate and/or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, and the like. The processor 314 of the wireless device 110, the processor 321A in base station 1 120A, and/or the processor 321B in base station 2 120B may perform at least one of signal coding/processing, data processing, power control, input/output processing, and/or any other functionality that may enable the wireless device 110, the base station 1 120A and/or the base station 2 120B to operate in a wireless environment.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may be connected to the speaker/microphone 311, the keypad 312, and/or the display/touchpad 313. The processor 314 may receive user input data from and/or provide user output data to the speaker/microphone 311, the keypad 312, and/or the display/touchpad 313. The processor 314 in the wireless device 110 may receive power from the power source 317 and/or may be configured to distribute the power to the other components in the wireless device 110. The power source 317 may comprise at least one of one or more dry cell batteries, solar cells, fuel cells, and the like. The processor 314 may be connected to the GPS chipset 318. The GPS chipset 318 may be configured to provide geographic location information of the wireless device 110.

The processor 314 of the wireless device 110 may further be connected to other peripherals 319, which may comprise one or more software and/or hardware modules that provide additional features and/or functionalities. For example, the peripherals 319 may comprise at least one of an accelerometer, a satellite transceiver, a digital camera, a universal serial bus (USB) port, a hands-free headset, a frequency modulated (FM) radio unit, a media player, an Internet browser, and the like.

The communication interface 320A of the base station 1, 120A, and/or the communication interface 320B of the base station 2, 120B, may be configured to communicate with the communication interface 310 of the wireless device 110 via a wireless link 330A and/or a wireless link 330B respectively. In an example, the communication interface 320A of the base station 1, 120A, may communicate with the communication interface 320B of the base station 2 and other RAN and core network nodes.

The wireless link 330A and/or the wireless link 330B may comprise at least one of a bi-directional link and/or a directional link. The communication interface 310 of the wireless device 110 may be configured to communicate with the communication interface 320A of the base station 1 120A and/or with the communication interface 320B of the base station 2 120B. The base station 1 120A and the wireless device 110 and/or the base station 2 120B and the wireless device 110 may be configured to send and receive transport blocks via the wireless link 330A and/or via the wireless link 330B, respectively. The wireless link 330A and/or the wireless link 330B may employ at least one frequency carrier. According to some of various aspects of embodiments, transceiver(s) may be employed. A transceiver may be a device that comprises both a transmitter and a receiver. Transceivers may be employed in devices such as wireless devices, base stations, relay nodes, and/or the like. Example embodiments for radio technology implemented in the communication interface 310, 320A, 320B and the wireless link 330A, 330B are illustrated in FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C, FIG. 4D, FIG. 6, FIG. 7A, FIG. 7B, FIG. 8, and associated text.

In an example, other nodes in a wireless network (e.g. AMF, UPF, SMF, etc.) may comprise one or more communication interfaces, one or more processors, and memory storing instructions.

A node (e.g. wireless device, base station, AMF, SMF, UPF, servers, switches, antennas, and/or the like) may comprise one or more processors, and memory storing instructions that when executed by the one or more processors causes the node to perform certain processes and/or functions. Example embodiments may enable operation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. Other example embodiments may comprise a non-transitory tangible computer readable media comprising instructions executable by one or more processors to cause operation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. Yet other example embodiments may comprise an article of manufacture that comprises a non-transitory tangible computer readable machine-accessible medium having instructions encoded thereon for enabling programmable hardware to cause a node to enable operation of single-carrier and/or multi-carrier communications. The node may include processors, memory, interfaces, and/or the like.

An interface may comprise at least one of a hardware interface, a firmware interface, a software interface, and/or a combination thereof. The hardware interface may comprise connectors, wires, electronic devices such as drivers, amplifiers, and/or the like. The software interface may comprise code stored in a memory device to implement protocol(s), protocol layers, communication drivers, device drivers, combinations thereof, and/or the like. The firmware interface may comprise a combination of embedded hardware and code stored in and/or in communication with a memory device to implement connections, electronic device operations, protocol(s), protocol layers, communication drivers, device drivers, hardware operations, combinations thereof, and/or the like.

FIG. 4A, FIG. 4B, FIG. 4C and FIG. 4D are example diagrams for uplink and downlink signal transmission as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. FIG. 4A shows an example uplink transmitter for at least one physical channel. A baseband signal representing a physical uplink shared channel may perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may comprise at least one of: scrambling; modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued symbols; mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; transform precoding to generate complex-valued symbols; precoding of the complex-valued symbols; mapping of precoded complex-valued symbols to resource elements; generation of complex-valued time-domain Single Carrier-Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) or CP-OFDM signal for an antenna port; and/or the like. In an example, when transform precoding is enabled, a SC-FDMA signal for uplink transmission may be generated. In an example, when transform precoding is not enabled, an CP-OFDM signal for uplink transmission may be generated by FIG. 4A. These functions are illustrated as examples and it is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

An example structure for modulation and up-conversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued SC-FDMA or CP-OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port and/or the complex-valued Physical Random Access CHannel (PRACH) baseband signal is shown in FIG. 4B. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

An example structure for downlink transmissions is shown in FIG. 4C. The baseband signal representing a downlink physical channel may perform one or more functions. The one or more functions may comprise: scrambling of coded bits in a codeword to be transmitted on a physical channel; modulation of scrambled bits to generate complex-valued modulation symbols; mapping of the complex-valued modulation symbols onto one or several transmission layers; precoding of the complex-valued modulation symbols on a layer for transmission on the antenna ports; mapping of complex-valued modulation symbols for an antenna port to resource elements; generation of complex-valued time-domain OFDM signal for an antenna port; and/or the like. These functions are illustrated as examples and it is anticipated that other mechanisms may be implemented in various embodiments.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a first symbol and a second symbol on an antenna port, to a wireless device. The wireless device may infer the channel (e.g., fading gain, multipath delay, etc.) for conveying the second symbol on the antenna port, from the channel for conveying the first symbol on the antenna port. In an example, a first antenna port and a second antenna port may be quasi co-located if one or more large-scale properties of the channel over which a first symbol on the first antenna port is conveyed may be inferred from the channel over which a second symbol on a second antenna port is conveyed. The one or more large-scale properties may comprise at least one of: delay spread; doppler spread; doppler shift; average gain; average delay; and/or spatial Receiving (Rx) parameters.

An example modulation and up-conversion to the carrier frequency of the complex-valued OFDM baseband signal for an antenna port is shown in FIG. 4D. Filtering may be employed prior to transmission.

FIG. 5A is a diagram of an example uplink channel mapping and example uplink physical signals. FIG. 5B is a diagram of an example downlink channel mapping and a downlink physical signals. In an example, a physical layer may provide one or more information transfer services to a MAC and/or one or more higher layers. For example, the physical layer may provide the one or more information transfer services to the MAC via one or more transport channels. An information transfer service may indicate how and with what characteristics data are transferred over the radio interface.

In an example embodiment, a radio network may comprise one or more downlink and/or uplink transport channels. For example, a diagram in FIG. 5A shows example uplink transport channels comprising Uplink-Shared CHannel (UL-SCH) 501 and Random Access CHannel (RACH) 502. A diagram in FIG. 5B shows example downlink transport channels comprising Downlink-Shared CHannel (DL-SCH) 511, Paging CHannel (PCH) 512, and Broadcast CHannel (BCH) 513. A transport channel may be mapped to one or more corresponding physical channels. For example, UL-SCH 501 may be mapped to Physical Uplink Shared CHannel (PUSCH) 503. RACH 502 may be mapped to PRACH 505. DL-SCH 511 and PCH 512 may be mapped to Physical Downlink Shared CHannel (PDSCH) 514. BCH 513 may be mapped to Physical Broadcast CHannel (PBCH) 516.

There may be one or more physical channels without a corresponding transport channel. The one or more physical channels may be employed for Uplink Control Information (UCI) 509 and/or Downlink Control Information (DCI) 517. For example, Physical Uplink Control CHannel (PUCCH) 504 may carry UCI 509 from a UE to a base station. For example, Physical Downlink Control CHannel (PDCCH) 515 may carry DCI 517 from a base station to a UE. NR may support UCI 509 multiplexing in PUSCH 503 when UCI 509 and PUSCH 503 transmissions may coincide in a slot at least in part. The UCI 509 may comprise at least one of CSI, Acknowledgement (ACK)/Negative Acknowledgement (NACK), and/or scheduling request. The DCI 517 on PDCCH 515 may indicate at least one of following: one or more downlink assignments and/or one or more uplink scheduling grants

In uplink, a UE may transmit one or more Reference Signals (RSs) to a base station. For example, the one or more RSs may be at least one of Demodulation-RS (DM-RS) 506, Phase Tracking-RS (PT-RS) 507, and/or Sounding RS (SRS) 508. In downlink, a base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, and/or broadcast) one or more RSs to a UE. For example, the one or more RSs may be at least one of Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS)/Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) 521, CSI-RS 522, DM-RS 523, and/or PT-RS 524.

In an example, a UE may transmit one or more uplink DM-RSs 506 to a base station for channel estimation, for example, for coherent demodulation of one or more uplink physical channels (e.g., PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH 504). For example, a UE may transmit a base station at least one uplink DM-RS 506 with PUSCH 503 and/or PUCCH 504, wherein the at least one uplink DM-RS 506 may be spanning a same frequency range as a corresponding physical channel. In an example, a base station may configure a UE with one or more uplink DM-RS configurations. At least one DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. A front-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1 or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). One or more additional uplink DM-RS may be configured to transmit at one or more symbols of a PUSCH and/or PUCCH. A base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols for PUSCH and/or PUCCH. For example, a UE may schedule a single-symbol DM-RS and/or double symbol DM-RS based on a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols, wherein a base station may configure the UE with one or more additional uplink DM-RS for PUSCH and/or PUCCH. A new radio network may support, e.g., at least for CP-OFDM, a common DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein a DM-RS location, DM-RS pattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be same or different.

In an example, whether uplink PT-RS 507 is present or not may depend on a RRC configuration. For example, a presence of uplink PT-RS may be UE-specifically configured. For example, a presence and/or a pattern of uplink PT-RS 507 in a scheduled resource may be UE-specifically configured by a combination of RRC signaling and/or association with one or more parameters employed for other purposes (e.g., Modulation and Coding Scheme (MC S)) which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, a dynamic presence of uplink PT-RS 507 may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at least MCS. A radio network may support plurality of uplink PT-RS densities defined in time/frequency domain. When present, a frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. A UE may assume a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than a number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. For example, uplink PT-RS 507 may be confined in the scheduled time/frequency duration for a UE.

In an example, a UE may transmit SRS 508 to a base station for channel state estimation to support uplink channel dependent scheduling and/or link adaptation. For example, SRS 508 transmitted by a UE may allow for a base station to estimate an uplink channel state at one or more different frequencies. A base station scheduler may employ an uplink channel state to assign one or more resource blocks of good quality for an uplink PUSCH transmission from a UE. A base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or more SRS resource sets. For an SRS resource set, a base station may configure a UE with one or more SRS resources. An SRS resource set applicability may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC) parameter. For example, when a higher layer parameter indicates beam management, a SRS resource in each of one or more SRS resource sets may be transmitted at a time instant. A UE may transmit one or more SRS resources in different SRS resource sets simultaneously. A new radio network may support aperiodic, periodic and/or semi-persistent SRS transmissions. A UE may transmit SRS resources based on one or more trigger types, wherein the one or more trigger types may comprise higher layer signaling (e.g., RRC) and/or one or more DCI formats (e.g., at least one DCI format may be employed for a UE to select at least one of one or more configured SRS resource sets. An SRS trigger type 0 may refer to an SRS triggered based on a higher layer signaling. An SRS trigger type 1 may refer to an SRS triggered based on one or more DCI formats. In an example, when PUSCH 503 and SRS 508 are transmitted in a same slot, a UE may be configured to transmit SRS 508 after a transmission of PUSCH 503 and corresponding uplink DM-RS 506.

In an example, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or more SRS configuration parameters indicating at least one of following: a SRS resource configuration identifier, a number of SRS ports, time domain behavior of SRS resource configuration (e.g., an indication of periodic, semi-persistent, or aperiodic SRS), slot (mini-slot, and/or subframe) level periodicity and/or offset for a periodic and/or aperiodic SRS resource, a number of OFDM symbols in a SRS resource, starting OFDM symbol of a SRS resource, a SRS bandwidth, a frequency hopping bandwidth, a cyclic shift, and/or a SRS sequence ID.

In an example, in a time domain, an SS/PBCH block may comprise one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 4 OFDM symbols numbered in increasing order from 0 to 3) within the SS/PBCH block. An SS/PBCH block may comprise PSS/SSS 521 and PBCH 516. In an example, in the frequency domain, an SS/PBCH block may comprise one or more contiguous subcarriers (e.g., 240 contiguous subcarriers with the subcarriers numbered in increasing order from 0 to 239) within the SS/PBCH block. For example, a PSS/SSS 521 may occupy 1 OFDM symbol and 127 subcarriers. For example, PBCH 516 may span across 3 OFDM symbols and 240 subcarriers. A UE may assume that one or more SS/PBCH blocks transmitted with a same block index may be quasi co-located, e.g., with respect to Doppler spread, Doppler shift, average gain, average delay, and spatial Rx parameters. A UE may not assume quasi co-location for other SS/PBCH block transmissions. A periodicity of an SS/PBCH block may be configured by a radio network (e.g., by an RRC signaling) and one or more time locations where the SS/PBCH block may be sent may be determined by sub-carrier spacing. In an example, a UE may assume a band-specific sub-carrier spacing for an SS/PBCH block unless a radio network has configured a UE to assume a different sub-carrier spacing.

In an example, downlink CSI-RS 522 may be employed for a UE to acquire channel state information. A radio network may support periodic, aperiodic, and/or semi-persistent transmission of downlink CSI-RS 522. For example, a base station may semi-statistically configure and/or reconfigure a UE with periodic transmission of downlink CSI-RS 522. A configured CSI-RS resources may be activated ad/or deactivated. For semi-persistent transmission, an activation and/or deactivation of CSI-RS resource may be triggered dynamically. In an example, CSI-RS configuration may comprise one or more parameters indicating at least a number of antenna ports. For example, a base station may configure a UE with 32 ports. A base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or more CSI-RS resource sets. One or more CSI-RS resources may be allocated from one or more CSI-RS resource sets to one or more UEs. For example, a base station may semi-statistically configure one or more parameters indicating CSI RS resource mapping, for example, time-domain location of one or more CSI-RS resources, a bandwidth of a CSI-RS resource, and/or a periodicity. In an example, a UE may be configured to employ a same OFDM symbols for downlink CSI-RS 522 and control resource set (coreset) when the downlink CSI-RS 522 and coreset are spatially quasi co-located and resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS 522 are the outside of PRBs configured for coreset. In an example, a UE may be configured to employ a same OFDM symbols for downlink CSI-RS 522 and SSB/PBCH when the downlink CSI-RS 522 and SSB/PBCH are spatially quasi co-located and resource elements associated with the downlink CSI-RS 522 are the outside of PRBs configured for SSB/PBCH.

In an example, a UE may transmit one or more downlink DM-RSs 523 to a base station for channel estimation, for example, for coherent demodulation of one or more downlink physical channels (e.g., PDSCH 514). For example, a radio network may support one or more variable and/or configurable DM-RS patterns for data demodulation. At least one downlink DM-RS configuration may support a front-loaded DM-RS pattern. A front-loaded DM-RS may be mapped over one or more OFDM symbols (e.g., 1 or 2 adjacent OFDM symbols). A base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with a maximum number of front-loaded DM-RS symbols for PDSCH 514. For example, a DM-RS configuration may support one or more DM-RS ports. For example, for single user-MIMO, a DM-RS configuration may support at least 8 orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports. For example, for multiuser-MIMO, a DM-RS configuration may support 12 orthogonal downlink DM-RS ports. A radio network may support, e.g., at least for CP-OFDM, a common DM-RS structure for DL and UL, wherein a DM-RS location, DM-RS pattern, and/or scrambling sequence may be same or different.

In an example, whether downlink PT-RS 524 is present or not may depend on a RRC configuration. For example, a presence of downlink PT-RS 524 may be UE-specifically configured. For example, a presence and/or a pattern of downlink PT-RS 524 in a scheduled resource may be UE-specifically configured by a combination of RRC signaling and/or association with one or more parameters employed for other purposes (e.g., MCS) which may be indicated by DCI. When configured, a dynamic presence of downlink PT-RS 524 may be associated with one or more DCI parameters comprising at least MCS. A radio network may support plurality of PT-RS densities defined in time/frequency domain. When present, a frequency domain density may be associated with at least one configuration of a scheduled bandwidth. A UE may assume a same precoding for a DMRS port and a PT-RS port. A number of PT-RS ports may be fewer than a number of DM-RS ports in a scheduled resource. For example, downlink PT-RS 524 may be confined in the scheduled time/frequency duration for a UE.

FIG. 6 is a diagram depicting an example transmission time and reception time for a carrier as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. A multicarrier OFDM communication system may include one or more carriers, for example, ranging from 1 to 32 carriers, in case of carrier aggregation, or ranging from 1 to 64 carriers, in case of dual connectivity. Different radio frame structures may be supported (e.g., for FDD and for TDD duplex mechanisms). FIG. 6 shows an example frame timing. Downlink and uplink transmissions may be organized into radio frames 601. In this example, radio frame duration is 10 ms. In this example, a 10 ms radio frame 601 may be divided into ten equally sized subframes 602 with 1 ms duration. Subframe(s) may comprise one or more slots (e.g. slots 603 and 605) depending on subcarrier spacing and/or CP length. For example, a subframe with 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, 240 kHz and 480 kHz subcarrier spacing may comprise one, two, four, eight, sixteen and thirty-two slots, respectively. In FIG. 6, a subframe may be divided into two equally sized slots 603 with 0.5 ms duration. For example, 10 subframes may be available for downlink transmission and 10 subframes may be available for uplink transmissions in a 10 ms interval. Uplink and downlink transmissions may be separated in the frequency domain. Slot(s) may include a plurality of OFDM symbols 604. The number of OFDM symbols 604 in a slot 605 may depend on the cyclic prefix length. For example, a slot may be 14 OFDM symbols for the same subcarrier spacing of up to 480 kHz with normal CP. A slot may be 12 OFDM symbols for the same subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz with extended CP. A slot may contain downlink, uplink, or a downlink part and an uplink part and/or alike.

FIG. 7A is a diagram depicting example sets of OFDM subcarriers as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the example, a gNB may communicate with a wireless device with a carrier with an example channel bandwidth 700. Arrow(s) in the diagram may depict a subcarrier in a multicarrier OFDM system. The OFDM system may use technology such as OFDM technology, SC-FDMA technology, and/or the like. In an example, an arrow 701 shows a subcarrier transmitting information symbols. In an example, a subcarrier spacing 702, between two contiguous subcarriers in a carrier, may be any one of 15 KHz, 30 KHz, 60 KHz, 120 KHz, 240 KHz etc. In an example, different subcarrier spacing may correspond to different transmission numerologies. In an example, a transmission numerology may comprise at least: a numerology index; a value of subcarrier spacing; a type of cyclic prefix (CP). In an example, a gNB may transmit to/receive from a UE on a number of subcarriers 703 in a carrier. In an example, a bandwidth occupied by a number of subcarriers 703 (transmission bandwidth) may be smaller than the channel bandwidth 700 of a carrier, due to guard band 704 and 705. In an example, a guard band 704 and 705 may be used to reduce interference to and from one or more neighbor carriers. A number of subcarriers (transmission bandwidth) in a carrier may depend on the channel bandwidth of the carrier and the subcarrier spacing. For example, a transmission bandwidth, for a carrier with 20 MHz channel bandwidth and 15 KHz subcarrier spacing, may be in number of 1024 subcarriers.

In an example, a gNB and a wireless device may communicate with multiple CCs when configured with CA. In an example, different component carriers may have different bandwidth and/or subcarrier spacing, if CA is supported. In an example, a gNB may transmit a first type of service to a UE on a first component carrier. The gNB may transmit a second type of service to the UE on a second component carrier. Different type of services may have different service requirement (e.g., data rate, latency, reliability), which may be suitable for transmission via different component carrier having different subcarrier spacing and/or bandwidth. FIG. 7B shows an example embodiment. A first component carrier may comprise a first number of subcarriers 706 with a first subcarrier spacing 709. A second component carrier may comprise a second number of subcarriers 707 with a second subcarrier spacing 710. A third component carrier may comprise a third number of subcarriers 708 with a third subcarrier spacing 711. Carriers in a multicarrier OFDM communication system may be contiguous carriers, non-contiguous carriers, or a combination of both contiguous and non-contiguous carriers.

FIG. 8 is a diagram depicting OFDM radio resources as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. In an example, a carrier may have a transmission bandwidth 801. In an example, a resource grid may be in a structure of frequency domain 802 and time domain 803. In an example, a resource grid may comprise a first number of OFDM symbols in a subframe and a second number of resource blocks, starting from a common resource block indicated by higher-layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling), for a transmission numerology and a carrier. In an example, in a resource grid, a resource unit identified by a subcarrier index and a symbol index may be a resource element 805. In an example, a subframe may comprise a first number of OFDM symbols 807 depending on a numerology associated with a carrier. For example, when a subcarrier spacing of a numerology of a carrier is 15 KHz, a subframe may have 14 OFDM symbols for a carrier. When a subcarrier spacing of a numerology is 30 KHz, a subframe may have 28 OFDM symbols. When a subcarrier spacing of a numerology is 60 Khz, a subframe may have 56 OFDM symbols, etc. In an example, a second number of resource blocks comprised in a resource grid of a carrier may depend on a bandwidth and a numerology of the carrier.

As shown in FIG. 8, a resource block 806 may comprise 12 subcarriers. In an example, multiple resource blocks may be grouped into a Resource Block Group (RBG) 804. In an example, a size of a RBG may depend on at least one of: a RRC message indicating a RBG size configuration; a size of a carrier bandwidth; or a size of a bandwidth part of a carrier. In an example, a carrier may comprise multiple bandwidth parts. A first bandwidth part of a carrier may have different frequency location and/or bandwidth from a second bandwidth part of the carrier.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control information comprising a downlink or uplink resource block assignment to a wireless device. A base station may transmit to or receive from, a wireless device, data packets (e.g. transport blocks) scheduled and transmitted via one or more resource blocks and one or more slots according to parameters in a downlink control information and/or RRC message(s). In an example, a starting symbol relative to a first slot of the one or more slots may be indicated to the wireless device. In an example, a gNB may transmit to or receive from, a wireless device, data packets scheduled on one or more RBGs and one or more slots.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control information comprising a downlink assignment to a wireless device via one or more PDCCHs. The downlink assignment may comprise parameters indicating at least modulation and coding format; resource allocation; and/or HARQ information related to DL-SCH. In an example, a resource allocation may comprise parameters of resource block allocation; and/or slot allocation. In an example, a gNB may dynamically allocate resources to a wireless device via a Cell-Radio Network Temporary Identifier (C-RNTI) on one or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor the one or more PDCCHs in order to find possible allocation when its downlink reception is enabled. The wireless device may receive one or more downlink data package on one or more PDSCH scheduled by the one or more PDCCHs, when successfully detecting the one or more PDCCHs.

In an example, a gNB may allocate Configured Scheduling (CS) resources for down link transmission to a wireless device. The gNB may transmit one or more RRC messages indicating a periodicity of the CS grant. The gNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH addressed to a Configured Scheduling-RNTI (CS-RNTI) activating the CS resources. The DCI may comprise parameters indicating that the downlink grant is a CS grant. The CS grant may be implicitly reused according to the periodicity defined by the one or more RRC messages, until deactivated.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a downlink control information comprising an uplink grant to a wireless device via one or more PDCCHs. The uplink grant may comprise parameters indicating at least modulation and coding format; resource allocation; and/or HARQ information related to UL-SCH. In an example, a resource allocation may comprise parameters of resource block allocation; and/or slot allocation. In an example, a gNB may dynamically allocate resources to a wireless device via a C-RNTI on one or more PDCCHs. The wireless device may monitor the one or more PDCCHs in order to find possible resource allocation. The wireless device may transmit one or more uplink data package via one or more PUSCH scheduled by the one or more PDCCHs, when successfully detecting the one or more PDCCHs.

In an example, a gNB may allocate CS resources for uplink data transmission to a wireless device. The gNB may transmit one or more RRC messages indicating a periodicity of the CS grant. The gNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH addressed to a CS-RNTI activating the CS resources. The DCI may comprise parameters indicating that the uplink grant is a CS grant. The CS grant may be implicitly reused according to the periodicity defined by the one or more RRC message, until deactivated.

In an example, a base station may transmit DCI/control signaling via PDCCH. The DCI may take a format in a plurality of formats. A DCI may comprise downlink and/or uplink scheduling information (e.g., resource allocation information, HARQ related parameters, MCS), request for CSI (e.g., aperiodic CQI reports), request for SRS, uplink power control commands for one or more cells, one or more timing information (e.g., TB transmission/reception timing, HARQ feedback timing, etc.), etc. In an example, a DCI may indicate an uplink grant comprising transmission parameters for one or more transport blocks. In an example, a DCI may indicate downlink assignment indicating parameters for receiving one or more transport blocks. In an example, a DCI may be used by base station to initiate a contention-free random access at the wireless device. In an example, the base station may transmit a DCI comprising slot format indicator (SFI) notifying a slot format. In an example, the base station may transmit a DCI comprising pre-emption indication notifying the PRB(s) and/or OFDM symbol(s) where a UE may assume no transmission is intended for the UE. In an example, the base station may transmit a DCI for group power control of PUCCH or PUSCH or SRS. In an example, a DCI may correspond to an RNTI. In an example, the wireless device may obtain an RNTI in response to completing the initial access (e.g., C-RNTI). In an example, the base station may configure an RNTI for the wireless (e.g., CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, TPC-SRS-RNTI). In an example, the wireless device may compute an RNTI (e.g., the wireless device may compute RA-RNTI based on resources used for transmission of a preamble). In an example, an RNTI may have a pre-configured value (e.g., P-RNTI or SI-RNTI). In an example, a wireless device may monitor a group common search space which may be used by base station for transmitting DCIs that are intended for a group of UEs. In an example, a group common DCI may correspond to an RNTI which is commonly configured for a group of UEs. In an example, a wireless device may monitor a UE-specific search space. In an example, a UE specific DCI may correspond to an RNTI configured for the wireless device.

A NR system may support a single beam operation and/or a multi-beam operation. In a multi-beam operation, a base station may perform a downlink beam sweeping to provide coverage for common control channels and/or downlink SS blocks, which may comprise at least a PSS, a SSS, and/or PBCH. A wireless device may measure quality of a beam pair link using one or more RSs. One or more SS blocks, or one or more CSI-RS resources, associated with a CSI-RS resource index (CRI), or one or more DM-RSs of PBCH, may be used as RS for measuring quality of a beam pair link. Quality of a beam pair link may be defined as a reference signal received power (RSRP) value, or a reference signal received quality (RSRQ) value, and/or a CSI value measured on RS resources. The base station may indicate whether an RS resource, used for measuring a beam pair link quality, is quasi-co-located (QCLed) with DM-RSs of a control channel. A RS resource and DM-RSs of a control channel may be called QCLed when a channel characteristics from a transmission on an RS to a wireless device, and that from a transmission on a control channel to a wireless device, are similar or same under a configured criterion. In a multi-beam operation, a wireless device may perform an uplink beam sweeping to access a cell.

In an example, a wireless device may be configured to monitor PDCCH on one or more beam pair links simultaneously depending on a capability of a wireless device. This may increase robustness against beam pair link blocking. A base station may transmit one or more messages to configure a wireless device to monitor PDCCH on one or more beam pair links in different PDCCH OFDM symbols. For example, a base station may transmit higher layer signaling (e.g. RRC signaling) or MAC CE comprising parameters related to the Rx beam setting of a wireless device for monitoring PDCCH on one or more beam pair links. A base station may transmit indication of spatial QCL assumption between an DL RS antenna port(s) (for example, cell-specific CSI-RS, or wireless device-specific CSI-RS, or SS block, or PBCH with or without DM-RSs of PBCH), and DL RS antenna port(s) for demodulation of DL control channel. Signaling for beam indication for a PDCCH may be MAC CE signaling, or RRC signaling, or DCI signaling, or specification-transparent and/or implicit method, and combination of these signaling methods.

For reception of unicast DL data channel, a base station may indicate spatial QCL parameters between DL RS antenna port(s) and DM-RS antenna port(s) of DL data channel. The base station may transmit DCI (e.g. downlink grants) comprising information indicating the RS antenna port(s). The information may indicate RS antenna port(s) which may be QCL-ed with the DM-RS antenna port(s). Different set of DM-RS antenna port(s) for a DL data channel may be indicated as QCL with different set of the RS antenna port(s).

FIG. 9A is an example of beam sweeping in a DL channel. In an RRC_INACTIVE state or RRC_IDLE state, a wireless device may assume that SS blocks form an SS burst 940, and an SS burst set 950. The SS burst set 950 may have a given periodicity. For example, in a multi-beam operation, a base station 120 may transmit SS blocks in multiple beams, together forming a SS burst 940. One or more SS blocks may be transmitted on one beam. If multiple SS bursts 940 are transmitted with multiple beams, SS bursts together may form SS burst set 950.

A wireless device may further use CSI-RS in the multi-beam operation for estimating a beam quality of a links between a wireless device and a base station. A beam may be associated with a CSI-RS. For example, a wireless device may, based on a RSRP measurement on CSI-RS, report a beam index, as indicated in a CRI for downlink beam selection, and associated with a RSRP value of a beam. A CSI-RS may be transmitted on a CSI-RS resource including at least one of one or more antenna ports, one or more time or frequency radio resources. A CSI-RS resource may be configured in a cell-specific way by common RRC signaling, or in a wireless device-specific way by dedicated RRC signaling, and/or L1/L2 signaling. Multiple wireless devices covered by a cell may measure a cell-specific CSI-RS resource. A dedicated subset of wireless devices covered by a cell may measure a wireless device-specific CSI-RS resource.

A CSI-RS resource may be transmitted periodically, or using aperiodic transmission, or using a multi-shot or semi-persistent transmission. For example, in a periodic transmission in FIG. 9A, a base station 120 may transmit configured CSI-RS resources 940 periodically using a configured periodicity in a time domain. In an aperiodic transmission, a configured CSI-RS resource may be transmitted in a dedicated time slot. In a multi-shot or semi-persistent transmission, a configured CSI-RS resource may be transmitted within a configured period. Beams used for CSI-RS transmission may have different beam width than beams used for SS-blocks transmission.

FIG. 9B is an example of a beam management procedure in an example new radio network. A base station 120 and/or a wireless device 110 may perform a downlink L1/L2 beam management procedure. One or more of the following downlink L1/L2 beam management procedures may be performed within one or more wireless devices 110 and one or more base stations 120. In an example, a P-1 procedure 910 may be used to enable the wireless device 110 to measure one or more Transmission (Tx) beams associated with the base station 120 to support a selection of a first set of Tx beams associated with the base station 120 and a first set of Rx beam(s) associated with a wireless device 110. For beamforming at a base station 120, a base station 120 may sweep a set of different TX beams. For beamforming at a wireless device 110, a wireless device 110 may sweep a set of different Rx beams. In an example, a P-2 procedure 920 may be used to enable a wireless device 110 to measure one or more Tx beams associated with a base station 120 to possibly change a first set of Tx beams associated with a base station 120. A P-2 procedure 920 may be performed on a possibly smaller set of beams for beam refinement than in the P-1 procedure 910. A P-2 procedure 920 may be a special case of a P-1 procedure 910. In an example, a P-3 procedure 930 may be used to enable a wireless device 110 to measure at least one Tx beam associated with a base station 120 to change a first set of Rx beams associated with a wireless device 110.

A wireless device 110 may transmit one or more beam management reports to a base station 120. In one or more beam management reports, a wireless device 110 may indicate some beam pair quality parameters, comprising at least, one or more beam identifications; RSRP; Precoding Matrix Indicator (PMI)/Channel Quality Indicator (CQI)/Rank Indicator (RI) of a subset of configured beams. Based on one or more beam management reports, a base station 120 may transmit to a wireless device 110 a signal indicating that one or more beam pair links are one or more serving beams. A base station 120 may transmit PDCCH and PDSCH for a wireless device 110 using one or more serving beams.

In an example embodiment, new radio network may support a Bandwidth Adaptation (BA). In an example, receive and/or transmit bandwidths configured by an UE employing a BA may not be large. For example, a receive and/or transmit bandwidths may not be as large as a bandwidth of a cell. Receive and/or transmit bandwidths may be adjustable. For example, a UE may change receive and/or transmit bandwidths, e.g., to shrink during period of low activity to save power. For example, a UE may change a location of receive and/or transmit bandwidths in a frequency domain, e.g. to increase scheduling flexibility. For example, a UE may change a subcarrier spacing, e.g. to allow different services.

In an example embodiment, a subset of a total cell bandwidth of a cell may be referred to as a Bandwidth Part (BWP). A base station may configure a UE with one or more BWPs to achieve a BA. For example, a base station may indicate, to a UE, which of the one or more (configured) BWPs is an active BWP.

FIG. 10 is an example diagram of 3 BWPs configured: BWP1 (1010 and 1050) with a width of 40 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP2 (1020 and 1040) with a width of 10 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 15 kHz; BWP3 1030 with a width of 20 MHz and subcarrier spacing of 60 kHz.

In an example, a UE, configured for operation in one or more BWPs of a cell, may be configured by one or more higher layers (e.g. RRC layer) for a cell a set of one or more BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs) for receptions by the UE (DL BWP set) in a DL bandwidth by at least one parameter DL-BWP and a set of one or more BWPs (e.g., at most four BWPs) for transmissions by a UE (UL BWP set) in an UL bandwidth by at least one parameter UL-BWP for a cell.

To enable BA on the PCell, a base station may configure a UE with one or more UL and DL BWP pairs. To enable BA on SCells (e.g., in case of CA), a base station may configure a UE at least with one or more DL BWPs (e.g., there may be none in an UL).

In an example, an initial active DL BWP may be defined by at least one of a location and number of contiguous PRBs, a subcarrier spacing, or a cyclic prefix, for a control resource set for at least one common search space. For operation on the PCell, one or more higher layer parameters may indicate at least one initial UL BWP for a random access procedure. If a UE is configured with a secondary carrier on a primary cell, the UE may be configured with an initial BWP for random access procedure on a secondary carrier.

In an example, for unpaired spectrum operation, a UE may expect that a center frequency for a DL BWP may be same as a center frequency for a UL BWP.

For example, for a DL BWP or an UL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPs or one or more UL BWPs, respectively, a base statin may semi-statistically configure a UE for a cell with one or more parameters indicating at least one of following: a subcarrier spacing; a cyclic prefix; a number of contiguous PRBs; an index in the set of one or more DL BWPs and/or one or more UL BWPs; a link between a DL BWP and an UL BWP from a set of configured DL BWPs and UL BWPs; a DCI detection to a PDSCH reception timing; a PDSCH reception to a HARQ-ACK transmission timing value; a DCI detection to a PUSCH transmission timing value; an offset of a first PRB of a DL bandwidth or an UL bandwidth, respectively, relative to a first PRB of a bandwidth.

In an example, for a DL BWP in a set of one or more DL BWPs on a PCell, a base station may configure a UE with one or more control resource sets for at least one type of common search space and/or one UE-specific search space. For example, a base station may not configure a UE without a common search space on a PCell, or on a PSCell, in an active DL BWP.

For an UL BWP in a set of one or more UL BWPs, a base station may configure a UE with one or more resource sets for one or more PUCCH transmissions.

In an example, if a DCI comprises a BWP indicator field, a BWP indicator field value may indicate an active DL BWP, from a configured DL BWP set, for one or more DL receptions. If a DCI comprises a BWP indicator field, a BWP indicator field value may indicate an active UL BWP, from a configured UL BWP set, for one or more UL transmissions.

In an example, for a PCell, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with a default DL BWP among configured DL BWPs. If a UE is not provided a default DL BWP, a default BWP may be an initial active DL BWP.

In an example, a base station may configure a UE with a timer value for a PCell. For example, a UE may start a timer, referred to as BWP inactivity timer, when a UE detects a DCI indicating an active DL BWP, other than a default DL BWP, for a paired spectrum operation or when a UE detects a DCI indicating an active DL BWP or UL BWP, other than a default DL BWP or UL BWP, for an unpaired spectrum operation. The UE may increment the timer by an interval of a first value (e.g., the first value may be 1 millisecond or 0.5 milliseconds) if the UE does not detect a DCI during the interval for a paired spectrum operation or for an unpaired spectrum operation. In an example, the timer may expire when the timer is equal to the timer value. A UE may switch to the default DL BWP from an active DL BWP when the timer expires.

In an example, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or more BWPs. A UE may switch an active BWP from a first BWP to a second BWP in response to receiving a DCI indicating the second BWP as an active BWP and/or in response to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer (for example, the second BWP may be a default BWP). For example, FIG. 10 is an example diagram of 3 BWPs configured, BWP1 (1010 and 1050), BWP2 (1020 and 1040), and BWP3 (1030). BWP2 (1020 and 1040) may be a default BWP. BWP1 (1010) may be an initial active BWP. In an example, a UE may switch an active BWP from BWP1 1010 to BWP2 1020 in response to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer. For example, a UE may switch an active BWP from BWP2 1020 to BWP3 1030 in response to receiving a DCI indicating BWP3 1030 as an active BWP. Switching an active BWP from BWP3 1030 to BWP2 1040 and/or from BWP2 1040 to BWP1 1050 may be in response to receiving a DCI indicating an active BWP and/or in response to an expiry of BWP inactivity timer.

In an example, if a UE is configured for a secondary cell with a default DL BWP among configured DL BWPs and a timer value, UE procedures on a secondary cell may be same as on a primary cell using the timer value for the secondary cell and the default DL BWP for the secondary cell.

In an example, if a base station configures a UE with a first active DL BWP and a first active UL BWP on a secondary cell or carrier, a UE may employ an indicated DL BWP and an indicated UL BWP on a secondary cell as a respective first active DL BWP and first active UL BWP on a secondary cell or carrier.

FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show packet flows employing a multi connectivity (e.g. dual connectivity, multi connectivity, tight interworking, and/or the like). FIG. 11A is an example diagram of a protocol structure of a wireless device 110 (e.g. UE) with CA and/or multi connectivity as per an aspect of an embodiment. FIG. 11B is an example diagram of a protocol structure of multiple base stations with CA and/or multi connectivity as per an aspect of an embodiment. The multiple base stations may comprise a master node, MN 1130 (e.g. a master node, a master base station, a master gNB, a master eNB, and/or the like) and a secondary node, SN 1150 (e.g. a secondary node, a secondary base station, a secondary gNB, a secondary eNB, and/or the like). A master node 1130 and a secondary node 1150 may co-work to communicate with a wireless device 110.

When multi connectivity is configured for a wireless device 110, the wireless device 110, which may support multiple reception/transmission functions in an RRC connected state, may be configured to utilize radio resources provided by multiple schedulers of a multiple base stations. Multiple base stations may be inter-connected via a non-ideal or ideal backhaul (e.g. Xn interface, X2 interface, and/or the like). A base station involved in multi connectivity for a certain wireless device may perform at least one of two different roles: a base station may either act as a master base station or as a secondary base station. In multi connectivity, a wireless device may be connected to one master base station and one or more secondary base stations. In an example, a master base station (e.g. the MN 1130) may provide a master cell group (MCG) comprising a primary cell and/or one or more secondary cells for a wireless device (e.g. the wireless device 110). A secondary base station (e.g. the SN 1150) may provide a secondary cell group (SCG) comprising a primary secondary cell (PSCell) and/or one or more secondary cells for a wireless device (e.g. the wireless device 110).

In multi connectivity, a radio protocol architecture that a bearer employs may depend on how a bearer is setup. In an example, three different type of bearer setup options may be supported: an MCG bearer, an SCG bearer, and/or a split bearer. A wireless device may receive/transmit packets of an MCG bearer via one or more cells of the MCG, and/or may receive/transmits packets of an SCG bearer via one or more cells of an SCG. Multi-connectivity may also be described as having at least one bearer configured to use radio resources provided by the secondary base station. Multi-connectivity may or may not be configured/implemented in some of the example embodiments.

In an example, a wireless device (e.g. Wireless Device 110) may transmit and/or receive: packets of an MCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1110), a PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1111), an RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1114), and a MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1118); packets of a split bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1110), a PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1112), one of a master or secondary RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1115, SN RLC 1116), and one of a master or secondary MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1118, SN MAC 1119); and/or packets of an SCG bearer via an SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1110), a PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1113), an RLC layer (e.g. SN RLC 1117), and a MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1119).

In an example, a master base station (e.g. MN 1130) and/or a secondary base station (e.g. SN 1150) may transmit/receive: packets of an MCG bearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP 1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1121, NR PDCP 1142), a master node RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1124, MN RLC 1125), and a master node MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1128); packets of an SCG bearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP 1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1122, NR PDCP 1143), a secondary node RLC layer (e.g. SN RLC 1146, SN RLC 1147), and a secondary node MAC layer (e.g. SN MAC 1148); packets of a split bearer via a master or secondary node SDAP layer (e.g. SDAP 1120, SDAP 1140), a master or secondary node PDCP layer (e.g. NR PDCP 1123, NR PDCP 1141), a master or secondary node RLC layer (e.g. MN RLC 1126, SN RLC 1144, SN RLC 1145, MN RLC 1127), and a master or secondary node MAC layer (e.g. MN MAC 1128, SN MAC 1148).

In multi connectivity, a wireless device may configure multiple MAC entities: one MAC entity (e.g. MN MAC 1118) for a master base station, and other MAC entities (e.g. SN MAC 1119) for a secondary base station. In multi-connectivity, a configured set of serving cells for a wireless device may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising serving cells of a master base station, and SCGs comprising serving cells of a secondary base station. For an SCG, one or more of following configurations may be applied: at least one cell of an SCG has a configured UL CC and at least one cell of a SCG, named as primary secondary cell (PSCell, PCell of SCG, or sometimes called PCell), is configured with PUCCH resources; when an SCG is configured, there may be at least one SCG bearer or one Split bearer; upon detection of a physical layer problem or a random access problem on a PSCell, or a number of NR RLC retransmissions has been reached associated with the SCG, or upon detection of an access problem on a PSCell during a SCG addition or a SCG change: an RRC connection re-establishment procedure may not be triggered, UL transmissions towards cells of an SCG may be stopped, a master base station may be informed by a wireless device of a SCG failure type, for split bearer, a DL data transfer over a master base station may be maintained; an NR RLC acknowledged mode (AM) bearer may be configured for a split bearer; PCell and/or PSCell may not be de-activated; PSCell may be changed with a SCG change procedure (e.g. with security key change and a RACH procedure); and/or a bearer type change between a split bearer and a SCG bearer or simultaneous configuration of a SCG and a split bearer may or may not supported.

With respect to interaction between a master base station and a secondary base stations for multi-connectivity, one or more of the following may be applied: a master base station and/or a secondary base station may maintain RRM measurement configurations of a wireless device; a master base station may (e.g. based on received measurement reports, traffic conditions, and/or bearer types) may decide to request a secondary base station to provide additional resources (e.g. serving cells) for a wireless device; upon receiving a request from a master base station, a secondary base station may create/modify a container that may result in configuration of additional serving cells for a wireless device (or decide that the secondary base station has no resource available to do so); for a UE capability coordination, a master base station may provide (a part of) an AS configuration and UE capabilities to a secondary base station; a master base station and a secondary base station may exchange information about a UE configuration by employing of RRC containers (inter-node messages) carried via Xn messages; a secondary base station may initiate a reconfiguration of the secondary base station existing serving cells (e.g. PUCCH towards the secondary base station); a secondary base station may decide which cell is a PSCell within a SCG; a master base station may or may not change content of RRC configurations provided by a secondary base station; in case of a SCG addition and/or a SCG SCell addition, a master base station may provide recent (or the latest) measurement results for SCG cell(s); a master base station and secondary base stations may receive information of SFN and/or subframe offset of each other from OAM and/or via an Xn interface, (e.g. for a purpose of DRX alignment and/or identification of a measurement gap). In an example, when adding a new SCG SCell, dedicated RRC signaling may be used for sending required system information of a cell as for CA, except for a SFN acquired from a MIB of a PSCell of a SCG.

FIG. 12 is an example diagram of a random access procedure. One or more events may trigger a random access procedure. For example, one or more events may be at least one of following: initial access from RRC_IDLE, RRC connection re-establishment procedure, handover, DL or UL data arrival during RRC_CONNECTED when UL synchronization status is non-synchronized, transition from RRC_Inactive, and/or request for other system information. For example, a PDCCH order, a MAC entity, and/or a beam failure indication may initiate a random access procedure.

In an example embodiment, a random access procedure may be at least one of a contention based random access procedure and a contention free random access procedure. For example, a contention based random access procedure may comprise, one or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions, one or more Msg2 1230 transmissions, one or more Msg3 1240 transmissions, and contention resolution 1250. For example, a contention free random access procedure may comprise one or more Msg 1 1220 transmissions and one or more Msg2 1230 transmissions.

In an example, a base station may transmit (e.g., unicast, multicast, or broadcast), to a UE, a RACH configuration 1210 via one or more beams. The RACH configuration 1210 may comprise one or more parameters indicating at least one of following: available set of PRACH resources for a transmission of a random access preamble, initial preamble power (e.g., random access preamble initial received target power), an RSRP threshold for a selection of a SS block and corresponding PRACH resource, a power-ramping factor (e.g., random access preamble power ramping step), random access preamble index, a maximum number of preamble transmission, preamble group A and group B, a threshold (e.g., message size) to determine the groups of random access preambles, a set of one or more random access preambles for system information request and corresponding PRACH resource(s), if any, a set of one or more random access preambles for beam failure recovery procedure and corresponding PRACH resource(s), if any, a time window to monitor RA response(s), a time window to monitor response(s) on beam failure recovery procedure, and/or a contention resolution timer.

In an example, the Msg1 1220 may be one or more transmissions of a random access preamble. For a contention based random access procedure, a UE may select a SS block with a RSRP above the RSRP threshold. If random access preambles group B exists, a UE may select one or more random access preambles from a group A or a group B depending on a potential Msg3 1240 size. If a random access preambles group B does not exist, a UE may select the one or more random access preambles from a group A. A UE may select a random access preamble index randomly (e.g. with equal probability or a normal distribution) from one or more random access preambles associated with a selected group. If a base station semi-statistically configures a UE with an association between random access preambles and SS blocks, the UE may select a random access preamble index randomly with equal probability from one or more random access preambles associated with a selected SS block and a selected group.

For example, a UE may initiate a contention free random access procedure based on a beam failure indication from a lower layer. For example, a base station may semi-statistically configure a UE with one or more contention free PRACH resources for beam failure recovery procedure associated with at least one of SS blocks and/or CSI-RSs. If at least one of SS blocks with a RSRP above a first RSRP threshold amongst associated SS blocks or at least one of CSI-RSs with a RSRP above a second RSRP threshold amongst associated CSI-RSs is available, a UE may select a random access preamble index corresponding to a selected SS block or CSI-RS from a set of one or more random access preambles for beam failure recovery procedure.

For example, a UE may receive, from a base station, a random access preamble index via PDCCH or RRC for a contention free random access procedure. If a base station does not configure a UE with at least one contention free PRACH resource associated with SS blocks or CSI-RS, the UE may select a random access preamble index. If a base station configures a UE with one or more contention free PRACH resources associated with SS blocks and at least one SS block with a RSRP above a first RSRP threshold amongst associated SS blocks is available, the UE may select the at least one SS block and select a random access preamble corresponding to the at least one SS block. If a base station configures a UE with one or more contention free PRACH resources associated with CSI-RSs and at least one CSI-RS with a RSRP above a second RSPR threshold amongst the associated CSI-RSs is available, the UE may select the at least one CSI-RS and select a random access preamble corresponding to the at least one CSI-RS.

A UE may perform one or more Msg1 1220 transmissions by transmitting the selected random access preamble. For example, if a UE selects an SS block and is configured with an association between one or more PRACH occasions and one or more SS blocks, the UE may determine an PRACH occasion from one or more PRACH occasions corresponding to a selected SS block. For example, if a UE selects a CSI-RS and is configured with an association between one or more PRACH occasions and one or more CSI-RSs, the UE may determine a PRACH occasion from one or more PRACH occasions corresponding to a selected CSI-RS. A UE may transmit, to a base station, a selected random access preamble via a selected PRACH occasions. A UE may determine a transmit power for a transmission of a selected random access preamble at least based on an initial preamble power and a power-ramping factor. A UE may determine a RA-RNTI associated with a selected PRACH occasions in which a selected random access preamble is transmitted. For example, a UE may not determine a RA-RNTI for a beam failure recovery procedure. A UE may determine an RA-RNTI at least based on an index of a first OFDM symbol and an index of a first slot of a selected PRACH occasions, and/or an uplink carrier index for a transmission of Msg1 1220.

In an example, a UE may receive, from a base station, a random access response, Msg 2 1230. A UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow) to monitor a random access response. For beam failure recovery procedure, a base station may configure a UE with a different time window (e.g., bfr-ResponseWindow) to monitor response on beam failure recovery procedure. For example, a UE may start a time window (e.g., ra-ResponseWindow or bfr-Response Window) at a start of a first PDCCH occasion after a fixed duration of one or more symbols from an end of a preamble transmission. If a UE transmits multiple preambles, the UE may start a time window at a start of a first PDCCH occasion after a fixed duration of one or more symbols from an end of a first preamble transmission. A UE may monitor a PDCCH of a cell for at least one random access response identified by a RA-RNTI or for at least one response to beam failure recovery procedure identified by a C-RNTI while a timer for a time window is running.

In an example, a UE may consider a reception of random access response successful if at least one random access response comprises a random access preamble identifier corresponding to a random access preamble transmitted by the UE. A UE may consider the contention free random access procedure successfully completed if a reception of random access response is successful. If a contention free random access procedure is triggered for a beam failure recovery procedure, a UE may consider a contention free random access procedure successfully complete if a PDCCH transmission is addressed to a C-RNTI. In an example, if at least one random access response comprises a random access preamble identifier, a UE may consider the random access procedure successfully completed and may indicate a reception of an acknowledgement for a system information request to upper layers. If a UE has signaled multiple preamble transmissions, the UE may stop transmitting remaining preambles (if any) in response to a successful reception of a corresponding random access response.

In an example, a UE may perform one or more Msg 3 1240 transmissions in response to a successful reception of random access response (e.g., for a contention based random access procedure). A UE may adjust an uplink transmission timing based on a timing advanced command indicated by a random access response and may transmit one or more transport blocks based on an uplink grant indicated by a random access response. Subcarrier spacing for PUSCH transmission for Msg3 1240 may be provided by at least one higher layer (e.g. RRC) parameter. A UE may transmit a random access preamble via PRACH and Msg3 1240 via PUSCH on a same cell. A base station may indicate an UL BWP for a PUSCH transmission of Msg3 1240 via system information block. A UE may employ HARQ for a retransmission of Msg 3 1240.

In an example, multiple UEs may perform Msg 1 1220 by transmitting a same preamble to a base station and receive, from the base station, a same random access response comprising an identity (e.g., TC-RNTI). Contention resolution 1250 may ensure that a UE does not incorrectly use an identity of another UE. For example, contention resolution 1250 may be based on C-RNTI on PDCCH or a UE contention resolution identity on DL-SCH. For example, if a base station assigns a C-RNTI to a UE, the UE may perform contention resolution 1250 based on a reception of a PDCCH transmission that is addressed to the C-RNTI. In response to detection of a C-RNTI on a PDCCH, a UE may consider contention resolution 1250 successful and may consider a random access procedure successfully completed. If a UE has no valid C-RNTI, a contention resolution may be addressed by employing a TC-RNTI. For example, if a MAC PDU is successfully decoded and a MAC PDU comprises a UE contention resolution identity MAC CE that matches the CCCH SDU transmitted in Msg3 1250, a UE may consider the contention resolution 1250 successful and may consider the random access procedure successfully completed.

FIG. 13 is an example structure for MAC entities as per an aspect of an embodiment. In an example, a wireless device may be configured to operate in a multi-connectivity mode. A wireless device in RRC_CONNECTED with multiple RX/TX may be configured to utilize radio resources provided by multiple schedulers located in a plurality of base stations. The plurality of base stations may be connected via a non-ideal or ideal backhaul over the Xn interface. In an example, a base station in a plurality of base stations may act as a master base station or as a secondary base station. A wireless device may be connected to one master base station and one or more secondary base stations. A wireless device may be configured with multiple MAC entities, e.g. one MAC entity for master base station, and one or more other MAC entities for secondary base station(s). In an example, a configured set of serving cells for a wireless device may comprise two subsets: an MCG comprising serving cells of a master base station, and one or more SCGs comprising serving cells of a secondary base station(s). FIG. 13 illustrates an example structure for MAC entities when MCG and SCG are configured for a wireless device.

In an example, at least one cell in a SCG may have a configured UL CC, wherein a cell of at least one cell may be called PSCell or PCell of SCG, or sometimes may be simply called PCell. A PSCell may be configured with PUCCH resources. In an example, when a SCG is configured, there may be at least one SCG bearer or one split bearer. In an example, upon detection of a physical layer problem or a random access problem on a PSCell, or upon reaching a number of RLC retransmissions associated with the SCG, or upon detection of an access problem on a PSCell during a SCG addition or a SCG change: an RRC connection re-establishment procedure may not be triggered, UL transmissions towards cells of an SCG may be stopped, a master base station may be informed by a UE of a SCG failure type and DL data transfer over a master base station may be maintained.

In an example, a MAC sublayer may provide services such as data transfer and radio resource allocation to upper layers (e.g. 1310 or 1320). A MAC sublayer may comprise a plurality of MAC entities (e.g. 1350 and 1360). A MAC sublayer may provide data transfer services on logical channels. To accommodate different kinds of data transfer services, multiple types of logical channels may be defined. A logical channel may support transfer of a particular type of information. A logical channel type may be defined by what type of information (e.g., control or data) is transferred. For example, BCCH, PCCH, CCCH and DCCH may be control channels and DTCH may be a traffic channel. In an example, a first MAC entity (e.g. 1310) may provide services on PCCH, BCCH, CCCH, DCCH, DTCH and MAC control elements. In an example, a second MAC entity (e.g. 1320) may provide services on BCCH, DCCH, DTCH and MAC control elements.

A MAC sublayer may expect from a physical layer (e.g. 1330 or 1340) services such as data transfer services, signaling of HARQ feedback, signaling of scheduling request or measurements (e.g. CQI). In an example, in dual connectivity, two MAC entities may be configured for a wireless device: one for MCG and one for SCG. A MAC entity of wireless device may handle a plurality of transport channels. In an example, a first MAC entity may handle first transport channels comprising a PCCH of MCG, a first BCH of MCG, one or more first DL-SCHs of MCG, one or more first UL-SCHs of MCG and one or more first RACHs of MCG. In an example, a second MAC entity may handle second transport channels comprising a second BCH of SCG, one or more second DL-SCHs of SCG, one or more second UL-SCHs of SCG and one or more second RACHs of SCG.

In an example, if a MAC entity is configured with one or more SCells, there may be multiple DL-SCHs and there may be multiple UL-SCHs as well as multiple RACHs per MAC entity. In an example, there may be one DL-SCH and UL-SCH on a SpCell. In an example, there may be one DL-SCH, zero or one UL-SCH and zero or one RACH for an SCell. A DL-SCH may support receptions using different numerologies and/or TTI duration within a MAC entity. A UL-SCH may also support transmissions using different numerologies and/or TTI duration within the MAC entity.

In an example, a MAC sublayer may support different functions and may control these functions with a control (e.g. 1355 or 1365) element. Functions performed by a MAC entity may comprise mapping between logical channels and transport channels (e.g., in uplink or downlink), multiplexing (e.g. 1352 or 1362) of MAC SDUs from one or different logical channels onto transport blocks (TB) to be delivered to the physical layer on transport channels (e.g., in uplink), demultiplexing (e.g. 1352 or 1362) of MAC SDUs to one or different logical channels from transport blocks (TB) delivered from the physical layer on transport channels (e.g., in downlink), scheduling information reporting (e.g., in uplink), error correction through HARQ in uplink or downlink (e.g. 1363), and logical channel prioritization in uplink (e.g. 1351 or 1361). A MAC entity may handle a random access process (e.g. 1354 or 1364).

FIG. 14 is an example diagram of a RAN architecture comprising one or more base stations. In an example, a protocol stack (e.g. RRC, SDAP, PDCP, RLC, MAC, and PHY) may be supported at a node. A base station (e.g. gNB 120A or 120B) may comprise a base station central unit (CU) (e.g. gNB-CU 1420A or 1420B) and at least one base station distributed unit (DU) (e.g. gNB-DU 1430A, 1430B, 1430C, or 1430D) if a functional split is configured. Upper protocol layers of a base station may be located in a base station CU, and lower layers of the base station may be located in the base station DUs. An F1 interface (e.g. CU-DU interface) connecting a base station CU and base station DUs may be an ideal or non-ideal backhaul. F1-C may provide a control plane connection over an F1 interface, and F1-U may provide a user plane connection over the F1 interface. In an example, an Xn interface may be configured between base station CUs.

In an example, a base station CU may comprise an RRC function, an SDAP layer, and a PDCP layer, and base station DUs may comprise an RLC layer, a MAC layer, and a PHY layer. In an example, various functional split options between a base station CU and base station DUs may be possible by locating different combinations of upper protocol layers (RAN functions) in a base station CU and different combinations of lower protocol layers (RAN functions) in base station DUs. A functional split may support flexibility to move protocol layers between a base station CU and base station DUs depending on service requirements and/or network environments.

In an example, functional split options may be configured per base station, per base station CU, per base station DU, per UE, per bearer, per slice, or with other granularities. In per base station CU split, a base station CU may have a fixed split option, and base station DUs may be configured to match a split option of a base station CU. In per base station DU split, a base station DU may be configured with a different split option, and a base station CU may provide different split options for different base station DUs. In per UE split, a base station (base station CU and at least one base station DUs) may provide different split options for different wireless devices. In per bearer split, different split options may be utilized for different bearers. In per slice splice, different split options may be applied for different slices.

FIG. 15 is an example diagram showing RRC state transitions of a wireless device. In an example, a wireless device may be in at least one RRC state among an RRC connected state (e.g. RRC Connected 1530, RRC_Connected), an RRC idle state (e.g. RRC Idle 1510, RRC_Idle), and/or an RRC inactive state (e.g. RRC Inactive 1520, RRC_Inactive). In an example, in an RRC connected state, a wireless device may have at least one RRC connection with at least one base station (e.g. gNB and/or eNB), which may have a UE context of the wireless device. A UE context (e.g. a wireless device context) may comprise at least one of an access stratum context, one or more radio link configuration parameters, bearer (e.g. data radio bearer (DRB), signaling radio bearer (SRB), logical channel, QoS flow, PDU session, and/or the like) configuration information, security information, PHY/MAC/RLC/PDCP/SDAP layer configuration information, and/or the like configuration information for a wireless device. In an example, in an RRC idle state, a wireless device may not have an RRC connection with a base station, and a UE context of a wireless device may not be stored in a base station. In an example, in an RRC inactive state, a wireless device may not have an RRC connection with a base station. A UE context of a wireless device may be stored in a base station, which may be called as an anchor base station (e.g. last serving base station).

In an example, a wireless device may transition a UE RRC state between an RRC idle state and an RRC connected state in both ways (e.g. connection release 1540 or connection establishment 1550; or connection reestablishment) and/or between an RRC inactive state and an RRC connected state in both ways (e.g. connection inactivation 1570 or connection resume 1580). In an example, a wireless device may transition its RRC state from an RRC inactive state to an RRC idle state (e.g. connection release 1560).

In an example, an anchor base station may be a base station that may keep a UE context (a wireless device context) of a wireless device at least during a time period that a wireless device stays in a RAN notification area (RNA) of an anchor base station, and/or that a wireless device stays in an RRC inactive state. In an example, an anchor base station may be a base station that a wireless device in an RRC inactive state was lastly connected to in a latest RRC connected state or that a wireless device lastly performed an RNA update procedure in. In an example, an RNA may comprise one or more cells operated by one or more base stations. In an example, a base station may belong to one or more RNAs. In an example, a cell may belong to one or more RNAs.

In an example, a wireless device may transition a UE RRC state from an RRC connected state to an RRC inactive state in a base station. A wireless device may receive RNA information from the base station. RNA information may comprise at least one of an RNA identifier, one or more cell identifiers of one or more cells of an RNA, a base station identifier, an IP address of the base station, an AS context identifier of the wireless device, a resume identifier, and/or the like.

In an example, an anchor base station may broadcast a message (e.g. RAN paging message) to base stations of an RNA to reach to a wireless device in an RRC inactive state, and/or the base stations receiving the message from the anchor base station may broadcast and/or multicast another message (e.g. paging message) to wireless devices in their coverage area, cell coverage area, and/or beam coverage area associated with the RNA through an air interface.

In an example, when a wireless device in an RRC inactive state moves into a new RNA, the wireless device may perform an RNA update (RNAU) procedure, which may comprise a random access procedure by the wireless device and/or a UE context retrieve procedure. A UE context retrieve may comprise: receiving, by a base station from a wireless device, a random access preamble; and fetching, by a base station, a UE context of the wireless device from an old anchor base station. Fetching may comprise: sending a retrieve UE context request message comprising a resume identifier to the old anchor base station and receiving a retrieve UE context response message comprising the UE context of the wireless device from the old anchor base station.

In an example embodiment, a wireless device in an RRC inactive state may select a cell to camp on based on at least a on measurement results for one or more cells, a cell where a wireless device may monitor an RNA paging message and/or a core network paging message from a base station. In an example, a wireless device in an RRC inactive state may select a cell to perform a random access procedure to resume an RRC connection and/or to transmit one or more packets to a base station (e.g. to a network). In an example, if a cell selected belongs to a different RNA from an RNA for a wireless device in an RRC inactive state, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure to perform an RNA update procedure. In an example, if a wireless device in an RRC inactive state has one or more packets, in a buffer, to transmit to a network, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure to transmit one or more packets to a base station of a cell that the wireless device selects. A random access procedure may be performed with two messages (e.g. 2 stage random access) and/or four messages (e.g. 4 stage random access) between the wireless device and the base station.

In an example embodiment, a base station receiving one or more uplink packets from a wireless device in an RRC inactive state may fetch a UE context of a wireless device by transmitting a retrieve UE context request message for the wireless device to an anchor base station of the wireless device based on at least one of an AS context identifier, an RNA identifier, a base station identifier, a resume identifier, and/or a cell identifier received from the wireless device. In response to fetching a UE context, a base station may transmit a path switch request for a wireless device to a core network entity (e.g. AMF, MME, and/or the like). A core network entity may update a downlink tunnel endpoint identifier for one or more bearers established for the wireless device between a user plane core network entity (e.g. UPF, S-GW, and/or the like) and a RAN node (e.g. the base station), e.g. changing a downlink tunnel endpoint identifier from an address of the anchor base station to an address of the base station.

A gNB may communicate with a wireless device via a wireless network employing one or more new radio technologies. The one or more radio technologies may comprise at least one of: multiple technologies related to physical layer; multiple technologies related to medium access control layer; and/or multiple technologies related to radio resource control layer. Example embodiments of enhancing the one or more radio technologies may improve performance of a wireless network. Example embodiments may increase the system throughput, or data rate of transmission. Example embodiments may reduce battery consumption of a wireless device. Example embodiments may improve latency of data transmission between a gNB and a wireless device. Example embodiments may improve network coverage of a wireless network. Example embodiments may improve transmission efficiency of a wireless network.

Example of Carrier Aggregation

In a carrier aggregation (CA), two or more component carriers (CCs) may be aggregated. A wireless device may simultaneously receive or transmit on one or more CCs depending on capabilities of the wireless device. In an example, the CA may be supported for contiguous CCs. In an example, the CA may be supported for non-contiguous CCs.

When configured with a CA, a wireless device may have one RRC connection with a network. During an RRC connection establishment/re-establishment/handover, a cell providing a NAS mobility information may be a serving cell. During an RRC connection re-establishment/handover procedure, a cell providing a security input may be a serving cell. In an example, the serving cell may be referred to as a primary cell (PCell). In an example, a gNB may transmit, to a wireless device, one or more messages comprising configuration parameters of a plurality of one or more secondary cells (SCells), depending on capabilities of the wireless device.

When configured with CA, a base station and/or a wireless device may employ an activation/deactivation mechanism of an SCell for an efficient battery consumption. When a wireless device is configured with one or more SCells, a gNB may activate or deactivate at least one of the one or more SCells. Upon configuration of an SCell, the SCell may be deactivated.

In an example, a wireless device may activate/deactivate an SCell in response to receiving an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE.

In an example, a base station may transmit, to a wireless device, one or more messages comprising an sCellDeactivationTimer timer. In an example, a wireless device may deactivate an SCell in response to an expiry of the sCellDeactivationTimer timer.

When a wireless device receives an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE activating an SCell, the wireless device may activate the SCell. In response to the activating the SCell, the wireless device may perform operations comprising SRS transmissions on the SCell, CQI/PMI/RI/CRI reporting for the SCell on a PCell, PDCCH monitoring on the SCell, PDCCH monitoring for the SCell on the PCell, and/or PUCCH transmissions on the SCell.

In an example, in response to the activating the SCell, the wireless device may start or restart an sCellDeactivationTimer timer associated with the SCell. The wireless device may start the sCellDeactivationTimer timer in the slot when the SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE has been received. In an example, in response to the activating the SCell, the wireless device may (re-)initialize one or more suspended configured uplink grants of a configured grant Type 1 associated with the SCell according to a stored configuration. In an example, in response to the activating the SCell, the wireless device may trigger PHR.

In an example, when a wireless device receives an SCell Activation/Deactivation MAC CE deactivating an activated SCell, the wireless device may deactivate the activated SCell.

In an example, when an sCellDeactivationTimer timer associated with an activated SCell expires, the wireless device may deactivate the activated SCell. In response to the deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may stop the sCellDeactivationTimer timer associated with the activated SCell. In an example, in response to the deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may clear one or more configured downlink assignments and/or one or more configured uplink grant Type 2 associated with the activated SCell. In an example, in response to the deactivating the activated SCell, the wireless device may further suspend one or more configured uplink grant Type 1 associated with the activated SCell. The wireless device may flush HARQ buffers associated with the activated SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is deactivated, a wireless device may not perform operations comprising transmitting SRS on the SCell, reporting CQI/PMI/RI/CRI for the SCell on a PCell, transmitting on UL-SCH on the SCell, transmitting on RACH on the SCell, monitoring at least one first PDCCH on the SCell, monitoring at least one second PDCCH for the SCell on the PCell, transmitting a PUCCH on the SCell.

In an example, when at least one first PDCCH on an activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or a downlink assignment, a wireless device may restart an sCellDeactivationTimer timer associated with the activated SCell. In an example, when at least one second PDCCH on a serving cell (e.g. a PCell or an SCell configured with PUCCH, i.e. PUCCH SCell) scheduling the activated SCell indicates an uplink grant or a downlink assignment for the activated SCell, a wireless device may restart an sCellDeactivationTimer timer associated with the activated SCell.

In an example, when an SCell is deactivated, if there is an ongoing random access procedure on the SCell, a wireless device may abort the ongoing random access procedure on the SCell.

Example Bandwidth Parts (BWPs)

A base station (gNB) may configure a wireless device (UE) with uplink (UL) bandwidth parts (BWPs) and downlink (DL) BWPs to enable bandwidth adaptation (BA) on a PCell. If carrier aggregation is configured, the gNB may configure the UE with at least DL BWP(s) (i.e. there may be no UL BWPS in the UL) to enable BA on an SCell. For the PCell, a first initial BWP may be a first BWP used for initial access. For the SCell, a second initial BWP is a second BWP configured for the UE to first operate at the SCell when the SCell is activated.

In paired spectrum (e.g. FDD), a first DL and a first UL can switch BWP independently. In unpaired spectrum (e.g. TDD), a second DL and a second UL switch BWP simultaneously. Switching between configured BWPs may happen by means of a DCI or an inactivity timer. When the inactivity timer is configured for a serving cell, an expiry of the inactivity timer associated to that cell may switch an active BWP to a default BWP. The default BWP may be configured by the network.

In an example, for FDD systems, when configured with BA, one UL BWP for each uplink carrier and one DL BWP may be active at a time in an active serving cell. In an example, for TDD systems, one DL/UL BWP pair may be active at a time in an active serving cell. Operating on the one UL BWP and the one DL BWP (or the one DL/UL pair) may enable reasonable UE battery consumption. BWPs other than the one UL BWP and the one DL BWP that the UE may be configured with may be deactivated. On deactivated BWPs, the UE may not monitor PDCCH, may not transmit on PUCCH, PRACH and UL-SCH.

In an example, a Serving Cell may be configured with at most a first number (e.g., four) BWPs. In an example, for an activated Serving Cell, there may be one active BWP at any point in time.

In an example, a BWP switching for a Serving Cell may be used to activate an inactive BWP and deactivate an active BWP at a time. In an example, the BWP switching may be controlled by a PDCCH indicating a downlink assignment or an uplink grant. In an example, the BWP switching may be controlled by an inactivity timer (e.g. bandwidthpartInactivityTimer). In an example, the BWP switching may be controlled by a MAC entity in response to initiating a Random Access procedure. Upon addition of SpCell or activation of an SCell, one BWP may be initially active without receiving a PDCCH indicating a downlink assignment or an uplink grant. The active BWP for a Serving Cell may be indicated by RRC and/or PDCCH. In an example, for unpaired spectrum, a DL BWP may be paired with a UL BWP, and BWP switching may be common for both UL and DL.

In an example, a MAC entity may apply normal operations on an active BWP for an activated Serving Cell configured with a BWP including: transmitting on UL-SCH; transmitting on RACH; monitoring a PDCCH; transmitting PUCCH; receiving DL-SCH; (re-) initializing any suspended configured uplink grants of configured grant Type 1 according to a stored configuration, if any, and to start in a symbol based on some procedure.

In an example, on an inactive BWP for each activated Serving Cell configured with a BWP, a MAC entity may not transmit on UL-SCH; may not transmit on RACH; may not monitor a PDCCH; may not transmit PUCCH; may not transmit SRS, may not receive DL-SCH; may clear any configured downlink assignment and configured uplink grant of configured grant Type 2; may suspend any configured uplink grant of configured Type 1.

In an example, upon initiation of a Random Access procedure, if PRACH resources are configured for an active UL BWP, a MAC entity may perform the Random Access procedure on an active DL BWP and the active UL BWP. In an example, upon initiation of a Random Access procedure, if PRACH resources are not configured for an active UL BWP, a MAC entity may switch to an initial DL BWP and an initial UL BWP. In response to the switching, the MAC entity may perform the Random Access procedure on the initial DL BWP and the initial UL BWP.

In an example, if a MAC entity receives a PDCCH for a BWP switching of a serving cell while a Random Access procedure associated with this serving cell is not ongoing, a UE may perform the BWP switching to a BWP indicated by the PDCCH.

In an example, if a MAC entity receives a PDCCH for a BWP switching while a Random Access procedure is ongoing in the MAC entity, it may be up to UE implementation whether to switch BWP or ignore the PDCCH for the BWP switching. In an example, if the MAC entity decides to perform the BWP switching, the MAC entity may stop the ongoing Random Access procedure and initiate a second Random Access procedure on a new activated BWP. In an example, if the MAC decides to ignore the PDCCH for the BWP switching, the MAC entity may continue with the ongoing Random Access procedure on the active BWP.

In an example, if a MAC entity receives a PDCCH for a BWP switching addressed to a C-RNTI for a successful completion of a Random Access procedure, a UE may perform the BWP switching to a BWP indicated by the PDCCH.

In an example, if a BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if a Default-DL-BWP is configured, and an active DL BWP is not a BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if a PDCCH addressed to C-RNTI or CS-RNTI indicating downlink assignment or uplink grant is received on the active BWP: if there is not an ongoing random access procedure associated with the activated Serving Cell, the MAC entity may start or restart the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP.

In an example, if a BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if a Default-DL-BWP is configured, and an active DL BWP is not a BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if a MAC-PDU is transmitted in a configured uplink grant or received in a configured downlink assignment; if there is not an ongoing random access procedure associated with the activated Serving Cell, the MAC entity may start or restart the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP.

In an example, if a BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if a Default-DL-BWP is configured, and an active DL BWP is not a BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if a PDCCH addressed to C-RNTI or CS-RNTI indicating downlink assignment or uplink grant is received on the active BWP; or if a MAC-PDU is transmitted in a configured uplink grant or received in a configured downlink assignment: if an ongoing random access procedure associated with the activated Serving Cell is successfully completed in response to receiving the PDCCH addressed to a C-RNTI, the MAC entity may start or restart the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP.

In an example, if a BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if a Default-DL-BWP is configured, and an active DL BWP is not a BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if a PDCCH for a BWP switching is received on the active DL BWP, a MAC entity may start or restart the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP in response to switching the active BWP.

In an example, if BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if the Default-DL-BWP is configured, and the active DL BWP is not the BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if Random Access procedure is initiated, the MAC entity may stop the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP of the activated Serving Cell. If the activated Serving Cell is an SCell (other than a PSCell), the MAC entity may stop a second BWP-InactivityTimer associated with a second active DL BWP of an SpCell.

In an example, if BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an activated Serving Cell, if the Default-DL-BWP is configured, and the active DL BWP is not the BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP expires: if the Default-DL-BWP is configured, the MAC entity may perform BWP switching to a BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP. Otherwise, the MAC entity may perform BWP switching to the initial DL BWP.

In an example, a UE may be configured for operation in bandwidth parts (BWPs) of a serving cell. In an example, the UE may be configured by higher layers for the serving cell a set of (e.g., at most four) bandwidth parts (BWPs) for receptions by the UE (e.g., DL BWP set) in a DL bandwidth by parameter DL-BWP. In an example, the UE may be configured with a set of (e.g., at most four) BWPs for transmissions by the UE (e.g., UL BWP set) in an UL bandwidth by parameter UL-BWP for the serving cell.

In an example, an initial active DL BWP may be defined, for example, by a location and number of contiguous PRBs, a subcarrier spacing, and a cyclic prefix, for the control resource set for Type0-PDCCH common search space. In an example, for operation on a primary cell, a UE may be provided by higher layer with a parameter initial-UL-BWP, an initial active UL BWP for a random access procedure.

In an example, if a UE has a dedicated BWP configuration, the UE may be provided by higher layer parameter Active-BWP-DL-Pcell a first active DL BWP for receptions. If a UE has a dedicated BWP configuration, the UE may be provided by higher layer parameter Active-BWP-UL-Pcell a first active UL BWP for transmissions on a primary cell.

In an example, for a DL BWP or an UL BWP in a set of DL BWPs or UL BWPs, respectively, the UE may be configured with the following parameters for the serving cell: a subcarrier spacing provided by higher layer parameter DL-BWP-mu or UL-BWP-mu; a cyclic prefix provided by higher layer parameter DL-BWP-CP or UL-BWP-CP; a PRB offset with respect to the PRB determined by higher layer parameters offset-pointA-low-scs and ref-scs and a number of contiguous PRBs provided by higher layer parameter DL-BWP-BW or UL-BWP-BW; an index in the set of DL BWPs or UL BWPs by respective higher layer parameters DL-BWP-index or UL-BWP-index; a DCI format 1_0 or DCI format 1_1 detection to a PDSCH reception timing values by higher layer parameter DL-data-time-domain; a PDSCH reception to a HARQ-ACK transmission timing values by higher layer parameter DL-data-DL-acknowledgement; and a DCI 0_0 or DCI 0_1 detection to a PUSCH transmission timing values by higher layer parameter UL-data-time-domain;

In an example, for an unpaired spectrum operation, a DL BWP from a set of configured DL BWPs with index provided by higher layer parameter DL-BWP-index may be paired with an UL BWP from a set of configured UL BWPs with index provided by higher layer parameter UL-BWP-index when the DL BWP index and the UL BWP index are equal. For unpaired spectrum operation, a UE may not be expected to receive a configuration where the center frequency for a DL BWP is different than the center frequency for an UL BWP when the DL-BWP-index of the DL BWP is equal to the UL-BWP-index of the UL BWP.

In an example, for a DL BWP in a set of DL BWPs on the primary cell, a UE may be configured control resource sets for every type of common search space and for UE-specific search space. In an example, the UE may not be expected to be configured without a common search space on the PCell, or on the PSCell, in the active DL BWP. In an example, for an UL BWP in a set of UL BWPs, the UE may be configured resource sets for PUCCH transmissions. In an example, a UE may receive PDCCH and PDSCH in a DL BWP according to a configured subcarrier spacing and CP length for the DL BWP. A UE may transmit PUCCH and PUSCH in an UL BWP according to a configured subcarrier spacing and CP length for the UL BWP.

In an example, if a bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCI format 1_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate the active DL BWP, from the configured DL BWP set, for DL receptions. In an example, if a bandwidth part indicator field is configured in DCI format 0_1, the bandwidth part indicator field value may indicate the active UL BWP, from the configured UL BWP set, for UL transmissions. In an example, for the primary cell, a UE may be provided by higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP, a default DL BWP among the configured DL BWPs. In an example, if a UE is not provided a default DL BWP by higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP, the default BWP may be the initial active DL BWP.

In an example, a UE may be expected to detect a DCI format 0_1 indicating active UL BWP change, or a DCI format 1_1 indicating active DL BWP change, only if a corresponding PDCCH is received within first 3 symbols of a slot.

In an example, for a primary cell, a UE may be provided by a higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP a default DL BWP among the configured DL BWPs. If a UE is not provided a default DL BWP by the higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP, the default DL BWP is the initial active DL BWP.

In an example, a UE may be provided by higher layer parameter BWP-InactivityTimer, a timer value for the primary cell. If configured, the UE may increment the timer, if running, every interval of 1 millisecond for frequency range 1 or every 0.5 milliseconds for frequency range 2 if the UE may not detect a DCI format 1_1 for paired spectrum operation or if the UE may not detect a DCI format 1_1 or DCI format 0_1 for unpaired spectrum operation during the interval.

In an example, if a UE is configured for a secondary cell with higher layer parameter Default-DL-BWP indicating a default DL BWP among the configured DL BWPs and the UE is configured with higher layer parameter BWP-InactivityTimer indicating a timer value, the UE procedures on the secondary cell may be same as on the primary cell using the timer value for the secondary cell and the default DL BWP for the secondary cell.

In an example, if a UE is configured by higher layer parameter Active-BWP-DL-SCell a first active DL BWP and by higher layer parameter Active-BWP-UL-SCell a first active UL BWP on a secondary cell or carrier, the UE may use the indicated DL BWP and the indicated UL BWP on the secondary cell as the respective first active DL BWP and first active UL BWP on the secondary cell or carrier.

In an example, for paired spectrum operation, a UE may not be expected to transmit HARQ-ACK on a PUCCH resource indicated by a DCI format 1_0 or a DCI format 1_1 if the UE changes its active UL BWP on a PCell between a time of a detection of the DCI format 1_0 or the DCI format 1_1 and a time of a corresponding HARQ-ACK transmission on the PUCCH.

In an example, a UE may not be expected to monitor PDCCH when the UE performs RRM measurements over a bandwidth that is not within the active DL BWP for the UE.

Example Downlink Control Information (DCI)

In an example, a gNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH for at least one of: scheduling assignment/grant; slot format notification; pre-emption indication; and/or power-control commends. More specifically, the DCI may comprise at least one of: identifier of a DCI format; downlink scheduling assignment(s); uplink scheduling grant(s); slot format indicator; pre-emption indication; power-control for PUCCH/PUSCH; and/or power-control for SRS.

In an example, a downlink scheduling assignment DCI may comprise parameters indicating at least one of: identifier of a DCI format; PDSCH resource indication; transport format; HARQ information; control information related to multiple antenna schemes; and/or a command for power control of the PUCCH.

In an example, an uplink scheduling grant DCI may comprise parameters indicating at least one of: identifier of a DCI format; PUSCH resource indication; transport format; HARQ related information; and/or a power control command of the PUSCH.

In an example, different types of control information may correspond to different DCI message sizes. For example, supporting multiple beams and/or spatial multiplexing in the spatial domain and noncontiguous allocation of RBs in the frequency domain may require a larger scheduling message, in comparison with an uplink grant allowing for frequency-contiguous allocation. DCI may be categorized into different DCI formats, where a format corresponds to a certain message size and/or usage.

In an example, a wireless device may monitor one or more PDCCH for detecting one or more DCI with one or more DCI format, in common search space or wireless device-specific search space. In an example, a wireless device may monitor PDCCH with a limited set of DCI format, to save power consumption. The more DCI format to be detected, the more power be consumed at the wireless device.

In an example, the information in the DCI formats for downlink scheduling may comprise at least one of: identifier of a DCI format; carrier indicator; RB allocation; time resource allocation; bandwidth part indicator; HARQ process number; one or more MCS; one or more NDI; one or more RV; MIMO related information; Downlink assignment index (DAI); TPC for PUCCH; SRS request; and padding if necessary. In an example, the MIMO related information may comprise at least one of: PMI; precoding information; transport block swap flag; power offset between PDSCH and reference signal; reference-signal scrambling sequence; number of layers; and/or antenna ports for the transmission; and/or Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI).

In an example, the information in the DCI formats used for uplink scheduling may comprise at least one of: an identifier of a DCI format; carrier indicator; bandwidth part indication; resource allocation type; RB allocation; time resource allocation; MCS; NDI; Phase rotation of the uplink DMRS; precoding information; CSI request; SRS request; Uplink index/DAI; TPC for PUSCH; and/or padding if necessary.

In an example, a gNB may perform CRC scrambling for a DCI, before transmitting the DCI via a PDCCH. The gNB may perform CRC scrambling by binarily adding multiple bits of at least one wireless device identifier (e.g., C-RNTI, CS-RNTI, TPC-CS-RNTI, TPC-PUCCH-RNTI, TPC-PUSCH-RNTI, SP CSI C-RNTI, or TPC-SRS-RNTI) on the CRC bits of the DCI. The wireless device may check the CRC bits of the DCI, when detecting the DCI. The wireless device may receive the DCI when the CRC is scrambled by a sequence of bits that is the same as the at least one wireless device identifier.

In an example, in order to support wide bandwidth operation, a gNB may transmit one or more PDCCH in different control resource sets (coresets). A gNB may transmit one or more RRC message comprising configuration parameters of one or more coresets. A coreset may comprise at least one of: a first OFDM symbol; a number of consecutive OFDM symbols; a set of resource blocks; a CCE-to-REG mapping. In an example, a gNB may transmit a PDCCH in a dedicated coreset for particular purpose, for example, for beam failure recovery confirmation.

In an example, a wireless device may monitor PDCCH for detecting DCI in one or more configured coresets, to reduce the power consumption.

Example of a BFR Procedure.

A gNB and/or a wireless device may have multiple antenna, to support a transmission with high data rate in a NR system. When configured with multiple antennas, a wireless device may perform one or more beam management procedures, as shown in FIG. 9B.

A wireless device may perform a downlink beam management based on one or more CSI-RSs, and/or one or more SSBs. In a beam management procedure, a wireless device may measure a channel quality of a beam pair link. The beam pair link may comprise a transmitting beam from a gNB and a receiving beam at the wireless device. When configured with multiple beams associated with multiple CSI-RSs or SSBs, a wireless device may measure the multiple beam pair links between the gNB and the wireless device.

In an example, a wireless device may transmit one or more beam management reports to a gNB. In a beam management report, the wireless device may indicate one or more beam pair quality parameters, comprising at least, one or more beam identifications; RSRP; PMI/CQI/RI of at least a subset of configured multiple beams.

In an example, a gNB and/or a wireless device may perform a downlink beam management procedure on one or multiple Transmission and Receiving Point (TRPs), as shown in FIG. 9B. Based on a wireless device's beam management report, a gNB may transmit to the wireless device a signal indicating that a new beam pair link is a serving beam. The gNB may transmit PDCCH and PDSCH to the wireless device using the serving beam.

In an example, a wireless device or a gNB may trigger a beam failure recovery mechanism. A wireless device may trigger a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure, e.g., when at least a beam failure occurs. In an example, a beam failure may occur when quality of beam pair link(s) of at least one PDCCH falls below a threshold. The threshold may be a RSRP value (e.g., −140 dbm, −110 dbm) or a SINR value (e.g., −3 dB, −1 dB), which may be configured in a RRC message.

FIG. 16A shows example of a first beam failure scenario. In the example, a gNB may transmit a PDCCH from a transmission (Tx) beam to a receiving (Rx) beam of a wireless device from a TRP. When the PDCCH on the beam pair link (between the Tx beam of the gNB and the Rx beam of the wireless device) have a lower-than-threshold RSRP/SINR value due to the beam pair link being blocked (e.g., by a moving car or a building), the gNB and the wireless device may start a beam failure recovery procedure on the TRP.

FIG. 16B shows example of a second beam failure scenario. In the example, the gNB may transmit a PDCCH from a beam to a wireless device from a first TRP. When the PDCCH on the beam is blocked, the gNB and the wireless device may start a beam failure recovery procedure on a new beam on a second TRP.

In an example, a wireless device may measure quality of beam pair link using one or more RSs. The one or more RSs may be one or more SSBs, or one or more CSI-RS resources. A CSI-RS resource may be identified by a CSI-RS resource index (CRI). In an example, quality of beam pair link may be defined as a RSRP value, or a reference signal received quality (e.g. RSRQ) value, and/or a CSI (e.g., SINR) value measured on RS resources. In an example, a gNB may indicate whether an RS resource, used for measuring beam pair link quality, is QCLed (Quasi-Co-Located) with DM-RSs of a PDCCH. The RS resource and the DM-RSs of the PDCCH may be called QCLed when the channel characteristics from a transmission on an RS to a wireless device, and that from a transmission on a PDCCH to the wireless device, are similar or same under a configured criterion. In an example, The RS resource and the DM-RSs of the PDCCH may be called QCLed when doppler shift and/or doppler shift of the channel from a transmission on an RS to a wireless device, and that from a transmission on a PDCCH to the wireless device, are same.

In an example, a wireless device may monitor PDCCH on M beam (e.g. 2, 4, 8) pair links simultaneously, where M≥1 and the value of M may depend at least on capability of the wireless device. In an example, monitoring a PDCCH may comprise detecting a DCI via the PDCCH transmitted on common search spaces and/or wireless device specific search spaces. In an example, monitoring multiple beam pair links may increase robustness against beam pair link blocking. In an example, a gNB may transmit one or more messages comprising parameters indicating a wireless device to monitor PDCCH on different beam pair link(s) in different OFDM symbols.

In an example, a gNB may transmit one or more RRC messages or MAC CEs comprising parameters indicating Rx beam setting of a wireless device for monitoring PDCCH on multiple beam pair links. A gNB may transmit an indication of spatial QCL between an DL RS antenna port(s) and DL RS antenna port(s) for demodulation of DL control channel. In an example, the indication may be a parameter in a MAC CE, or a RRC message, or a DCI, and/or combination of these signaling.

In an example, for reception of data packet on a PDSCH, a gNB may indicate spatial QCL parameters between DL RS antenna port(s) and DM-RS antenna port(s) of DL data channel. A gNB may transmit DCI comprising parameters indicating the RS antenna port(s) QCL-ed with DM-RS antenna port(s).

In an example, when a gNB transmits a signal indicating QCL parameters between CSI-RS and DM-RS for PDCCH, a wireless device may measure a beam pair link quality based on CSI-RSs QCLed with DM-RS for PDCCH. In an example, when multiple contiguous beam failures occur, the wireless device may start a BFR procedure.

In an example, a wireless device transmits a BFR signal on an uplink physical channel to a gNB when starting a BFR procedure. The gNB may transmit a DCI via a PDCCH in a coreset in response to receiving the BFR signal on the uplink physical channel. The wireless may consider the BFR procedure successfully completed when receiving the DCI via the PDCCH in the coreset.

In an example, a gNB may transmit one or more messages comprising configuration parameters of an uplink physical channel or signal for transmitting a beam failure recovery request. The uplink physical channel or signal may be based on one of: a contention-free PRACH (BFR-PRACH), which may be a resource orthogonal to resources of other PRACH transmissions; a PUCCH (BFR-PUCCH); and/or a contention-based PRACH resource (CF-PRACH). Combinations of these candidate signal/channels may be configured by the gNB. In an example, when configured with multiple resources for a BFR signal, a wireless device may autonomously select a first resource for transmitting the BFR signal. In an example, when configured with a BFR-PRACH resource, a BFR-PUCCH resource, and a CF-PRACH resource, the wireless device may select the BFR-PRACH resource for transmitting the BFR signal. In an example, when configured with a BFR-PRACH resource, a BFR-PUCCH resource, and a CF-PRACH resource, the gNB may transmit a message to the wireless device indicating a resource for transmitting the BFR signal.

In an example, a gNB may transmit a response to a wireless device after receiving one or more BFR signals. The response may comprise the CRI associated with the candidate beam the wireless device indicates in the one or multiple BFR signals.

Example of QCL

A base station may configure a wireless device with one or more TCI-States by higher layer signaling. A number of the one or more TCI states may depend on a capability of the wireless device. The wireless device may use the one or more TCI-States to decode a PDSCH according to a detected PDCCH. Each of the one or more TCI-States state may include one RS set TCI-RS-SetConfig. The one RS set TCI-RS-SetConfig may contain one or more parameters. In an example, the one or more parameters may be used to configure quasi co-location relationship between one or more reference signals in the RS set and the DM-RS port group of the PDSCH. The one RS set may contain a reference to either one or two DL RSs and an associated quasi co-location type (QCL-Type) for each one configured by the higher layer parameter QCL-Type. For the case of the two DL RSs, the QCL types may not be the same. In an example, the references of the two DL RSs may be to the same DL RS or different DL RSs. The quasi co-location types indicated to the UE may be based on a higher layer parameter QCL-Type. The higher layer parameter QCL-Type may take one or a combination of the following types: QCL-TypeA′: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread}; QCL-TypeB′: {Doppler shift, Doppler spread}; QCL-TypeC′: {average delay, Doppler shift} and QCL-TypeD′: {Spatial Rx parameter}.

In an example, a wireless device may receive an activation command. The activation command may be used to map one or more TCI states to one or more codepoints of the DCI field Transmission Configuration Indication (TCI). After the wireless device receives a higher layer configuration of TCI states and before reception of the activation command, the wireless device may assume that one or more antenna ports of one DM-RS port group of PDSCH of a serving cell are spatially quasi co-located with an SSB. In an example, the SSB may be determined in an initial access procedure with respect to Doppler shift, Doppler spread, average delay, delay spread, spatial Rx parameters, where applicable.

In an example, a wireless device may be configured, by a base station, with a higher layer parameter TCI-PresentInDCI. When the higher layer parameter TCI-PresentInDCI is set as ‘Enabled’ for a CORESET scheduling a PDSCH, the wireless device may assume that the TCI field is present in a DL DCI of a PDCCH transmitted on the CORESET. When the higher layer parameter TCI-PresentInDCI is set as ‘Disabled’ for a CORESET scheduling a PDSCH or the PDSCH is scheduled by a DCI format 1_0, for determining PDSCH antenna port quasi co-location, the wireless device may assume that the TCI state for the PDSCH is identical to the TCI state applied for the CORESET used for the PDCCH transmission.

When the higher layer parameter TCI-PresentinDCI is set as ‘Enabled’, the wireless device may use one or more TCI-States according to a value of the ‘Transmission Configuration Indication’ field in the detected PDCCH with DCI for determining PDSCH antenna port quasi co-location. The wireless device may assume that the antenna ports of one DM-RS port group of PDSCH of a serving cell are quasi co-located with one or more RS(s) in the RS set with respect to the QCL type parameter(s) given by the indicated TCI state if the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is equal to or greater than a threshold Threshold-Sched-Offset. In an example, the threshold may be based on UE capability. When the higher layer parameter TCI-PresentInDCI=‘Enabled’ and the higher layer parameter TCI-PresentInDCI=‘Disabled’, if the offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH is less than the threshold Threshold-Sched-Offset, the wireless device may assume that the antenna ports of one DM-RS port group of PDSCH of a serving cell are quasi co-located based on the TCI state used for PDCCH quasi co-location indication of the lowest CORESET-ID in the latest slot in which one or more CORESETs are configured for the UE. If all configured TCI states do not contain QCL-TypeD′, the wireless device may obtain the other QCL assumptions from the indicated TCI states for its scheduled PDSCH irrespective of the time offset between the reception of the DL DCI and the corresponding PDSCH.

Example of a BFR Procedure.

In an NR system, when configured with multiple beams, a gNB and/or a wireless device may perform one or more beam management procedure. For example, the wireless device may perform a BFR procedure, if one or more beam pair links between the gNB and the wireless device fail.

FIG. 17 shows example of the BFR procedure. A wireless device may receive one or more RRC messages comprising BFR parameters. The one or more RRC messages may comprise an RRC message (e.g. RRC connection reconfiguration message, or RRC connection reestablishment message, or RRC connection setup message). The wireless device may detect at least one beam failure according to at least one of BFR parameters. The wireless device may start a first timer if configured in response to detecting the at least one beam failure. The wireless device may select a selected beam in response to detecting the at least one beam failure. The selected beam may be a beam with good channel quality (e.g., RSRP, SINR, or BLER) from a set of candidate beams. The candidate beams may be identified by a set of reference signals (e.g., SSBs, or CSI-RSs). The wireless device may transmit at least a first BFR signal to a gNB in response to the selecting the selected beam. The at least first BFR signal may be associated with the selected beam. The at least first BFR signal may be a preamble transmitted on a PRACH resource, or a SR signal transmitted on a PUCCH resource, or a beam indication transmitted on a PUCCH/PUSCH resource. The wireless device may transmit the at least first BFR signal with a transmission beam corresponding to a receiving beam associated with the selected beam. The wireless device may start a response window in response to transmitting the at least first BFR signal. In an example, the response window may be a timer with a value configured by the gNB. When the response window is running, the wireless device may monitor a PDCCH in a first coreset. The first coreset may be associated with the BFR procedure. In an example, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH in the first coreset in condition of transmitting the at least first BFR signal. The wireless device may receive a first DCI via the PDCCH in the first coreset when the response window is running. The wireless device may consider the BFR procedure successfully completed when receiving the first DCI via the PDCCH in the first coreset before the response window expires. The wireless device may stop the first timer if configured in response to the BFR procedure successfully being completed. The wireless device may stop the response window in response to the BFR procedure successfully being completed.

In an example, when the response window expires, and the wireless device does not receive the DCI, the wireless device may increment a transmission number, wherein, the transmission number is initialized to a first number (e.g., 0) before the BFR procedure is triggered. If the transmission number indicates a number less than the configured maximum transmission number, the wireless device may repeat one or more actions comprising at least one of: a BFR signal transmission; starting the response window; monitoring the PDCCH; incrementing the transmission number if no response received during the response window is running. If the transmission number indicates a number equal or greater than the configured maximum transmission number, the wireless device may declare the BFR procedure is unsuccessfully completed.

Example BFR Procedure

A wireless device may receive one or more RRC messages comprising BFR parameters. The wireless device may detect at least one beam failure according to at least one of BFR parameters. The wireless device may start a first timer if configured in response to detecting the at least one beam failure. The wireless device may select a selected beam in response to detecting the at least one beam failure. The selected beam may be a beam with good channel quality (e.g., RSRP, SINR, or BLER) from a set of candidate beams. The candidate beams may be identified by a set of reference signals (e.g., SSBs, or CSI-RSs). The wireless device may transmit at least a first BFR signal to a gNB in response to the selecting the selected beam. The at least first BFR signal may be associated with the selected beam. The wireless device may transmit the at least first BFR signal with a transmission beam corresponding to a receiving beam associated with the selected beam. The at least BFR signal may be a preamble transmitted on a PRACH resource, or a signal (e.g., SR, BFR request, and like) transmitted on a PUCCH resource, or a beam failure recovery signal transmitted on a PUCCH resource, or a beam report transmitted on a PUCCH/PUSCH resource. The wireless device may start a response window in response to transmitting the at least first BFR signal. In an example, the response window may be a timer with a value configured by the gNB. When the response window is running, the wireless device may monitor a PDCCH in a first coreset. The first coreset may be configured by the BFR parameters (e.g., RRC). The first coreset may be associated with the BFR procedure. In an example, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH in the first coreset in condition of transmitting the at least first BFR signal. The wireless device may receive a first DCI via the PDCCH in the first coreset when the response window is running. The wireless device may consider the BFR procedure successfully completed when receiving the first DCI via the PDCCH in the first coreset before the response window expires. The wireless device may stop the first timer if configured in response to the BFR procedure successfully being completed. The wireless device may stop the response window in response to the BFR procedure successfully being completed.

In an example, when the response window expires, and the wireless device does not receive the DCI, the wireless device may, increment a transmission number, wherein, the transmission number is initialized to a first number (e.g., 0) before the BFR procedure is triggered. If the transmission number indicates a number less than the configured maximum transmission number, the wireless device may repeat one or more actions comprising at least one of: a BFR signal transmission; starting the response window; monitoring the PDCCH; incrementing the transmission number if no response received during the response window is running. If the transmission number indicates a number equal or greater than the configured maximum transmission number, the wireless device may declare the BFR procedure is unsuccessfully completed.

A MAC entity of a wireless device may be configured by an RRC with a beam failure recovery procedure. The beam failure recovery procedure may be used for indicating to a serving base station of a new SSB or CSI-RS when a beam failure is detected. The beam failure may be detected on one or more serving SSB(s)/CSI-RS(s) of the serving base station. In an example, the beam failure may be detected by counting a beam failure instance indication from a lower layer of the wireless device (e.g. PHY layer) to the MAC entity.

In an example, an RRC may configure a wireless device with one or more parameters in BeamFailureRecoveryConfig for a beam failure detection and recovery procedure. The one or more parameters may comprise beamFailureInstanceMaxCount for a beam failure detection; beamFailureDetectionTimer for the beam failure detection; beamFailureRecoveryTimer for the beam failure recovery procedure; rsrp-ThresholdSSB: an RSRP threshold for a beam failure recovery; powerRampingStep for the beam failure recovery; preambleReceivedTargetPower for the beam failure recovery; preambleTransMax for the beam failure recovery; and ra-ResponseWindow. The ra-ResponseWindow may be a time window to monitor one or more responses for the beam failure recovery using a contention-free Random Access preamble.

If a MAC entity of a wireless device transmits a contention-free random access preamble for a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ), the MAC entity may start ra-ResponseWindow at a first PDCCH occasion from the end of the transmitting the contention-free random access preamble. The ra-ResponseWindow may be configured in BeamFailureRecoveryConfig. While the ra-ResponseWindow is running, the wireless device may monitor at least one PDCCH (e.g. of an SpCell) for a response to the beam failure recovery request. The beam failure recovery request may be identified by a C-RNTI.

In an example, if a MAC entity of a wireless device receives, from a lower layer of the wireless device, a notification of a reception of at least one PDCCH transmission and if the at least one PDCCH transmission is addressed to a C-RNTI and if a contention-free random access preamble for a beam failure recovery request is transmitted by the MAC entity, the wireless device may consider a random access procedure successfully completed.

In an example, a wireless device may initiate a contention-based random access preamble for a beam failure recovery request. When the wireless device transmits Msg3, a MAC entity of the wireless device may start ra-ContentionResolutionTimer. The ra-ContentionResolutionTimer may be configured by RRC. In response to the starting the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer, the wireless device may monitor at least one PDCCH while the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer is running. In an example, if the MAC entity receives, from a lower layer of the wireless device, a notification of a reception of the at least one PDCCH transmission; if a C-RNTI MAC-CE is included in the Msg3; if a random access procedure is initiated for a beam failure recovery and the at least one PDCCH transmission is addressed to a C-RNTI of the wireless device, the wireless device may consider the random access procedure successfully completed. In response to the random access procedure being successfully completed, the wireless device may stop the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer.

In an example, if a random access procedure of a beam failure recovery is successfully completed, the wireless device may consider the beam failure recovery successfully completed.

A wireless device may be configured, for a serving cell, with a first set of periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes by higher layer parameter Beam-Failure-Detection-RS-ResourceConfig. The wireless device may further be configured with a second set of CSI-RS resource configuration indexes and/or SS/PBCH block indexes by higher layer parameter Candidate-Beam-RS-List. In an example, the first set and/or the second set may be used for radio link quality measurements on the serving cell. If a wireless device is not provided with higher layer parameter Beam-Failure-Detection-RS-ResourceConfig, the wireless device may determine a first set to include SS/PBCH block indexes and periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes. In an example, the SS/PBCH block indexes and the periodic CSI-RS resource configuration indexes may be with same values as one or more RS indexes in one or more RS sets. In an example, the one or more RS indexes in the one or more RS sets may be indicated by one or more TCI states. In an example, the one or more TCI states may be used for respective control resource sets that the wireless device is configured for monitoring PDCCH. The wireless device may expect a single port RS in the first set.

In an example, a first threshold (e.g. Qout,LR) may correspond to a first default value of higher layer parameter RLM-IS-OOS-thresholdConfig. In an example, a second threshold (e.g. Qin,LR) may correspond to a second default value of higher layer parameter Beam-failure-candidate-beam-threshold. A physical layer in the wireless device may assess a first radio link quality according to the first set of periodic CSI-RS resource configurations against the first threshold. For the first set, the wireless device may assess the first radio link quality according to periodic CSI-RS resource configurations or SS/PBCH blocks. In an example, the periodic CSI-RS resource configurations or the SS/PBCH blocks may be associated (e.g. quasi co-located) with at least one DM-RS of PDCCH monitored by the wireless device.

In an example, the wireless device may apply the second threshold to a first L1-RSRP for SS/PBCH blocks. The wireless device may apply the second threshold to a second L1-RSRP for periodic CSI-RS resources after scaling a respective CSI-RS reception power with a value provided by higher layer parameter Pc_SS.

In an example, a physical layer in a wireless device may, in slots where the first radio link quality according to the first set is assessed, provide an indication to higher layers (e.g. MAC). The wireless device may provide an indication to higher layers when the first radio link quality for all corresponding resource configurations in the first set is worse than the first threshold. The wireless device may use the all corresponding resource configurations in the first set to assess the first radio link quality. The physical layer may inform the higher layers (e.g. MAC, RRC) when the first radio link quality is worse than the first threshold with a first periodicity. The first periodicity may be determined by a maximum between the shortest periodicity of periodic CSI-RS configurations or SS/PBCH blocks in the first set and X (e.g. 2 ms).

In an example, in response to a request from higher layers (e.g. MAC), a wireless device may provide to the higher layers the periodic CSI-RS configuration indexes and/or SS/PBCH block indexes from the second set. The wireless device may further provide, to the higher layers, corresponding L1-RSRP measurements that are larger than or equal to the second threshold.

A wireless device may be configured with one control resource set (coreset) by higher layer parameter Beam-failure-Recovery-Response-CORESET. The wireless device may be further configured with an associated search space provided by higher layer parameter search-space-config. The associated search space may be used for monitoring PDCCH in the one control resource set. The wireless device may receive from higher layers (e.g. MAC), by parameter Beam-failure-recovery-request-RACH-Resource, a configuration for a PRACH transmission. For the PRACH transmission in slot n and according to antenna port quasi co-location parameters associated with periodic CSI-RS configuration or SS/PBCH block with a first RS index, the wireless device may monitor the PDCCH for detection of a DCI format starting from slot n+4 within a window. The window may be configured by higher layer parameter Beam-failure-recovery-request-window. The DCI format may be with CRC scrambled by C-RNTI. For a PDSCH reception, the wireless device may assume the antenna port quasi-collocation parameters (e.g. as for monitoring the PDCCH) until the wireless device receives by higher layers an activation for a TCI state or a parameter TCI-StatesPDCCH.

Example SR

In an example, a wireless device may trigger a SR for requesting UL-SCH resource when the wireless device has new transmission. A gNB may transmit to a wireless device at least one message comprising parameters indicating zero, one or more SR configurations. A SR configuration may comprise a set of PUCCH resources for SR on one or more BWPs, and/or one or more cells. On a BWP, at most one PUCCH resource for SR may be configured. Each SR configuration may correspond to one or more logical channels. Each logical channel may be mapped to zero or one SR configuration configured by the at least one message. A SR configuration of a logical channel (LCH) that triggers a buffer status report (BSR) may be considered as a corresponding SR configuration for a triggered SR.

In an example, for each SR configuration, the at least one message may further comprise one or more parameters indicating at least one of: a SR prohibit timer; a maximum number of SR transmission; a parameter indicating a periodicity and offset of SR transmission; and/or a PUCCH resource. In an example, the SR prohibit timer may be a duration during which the wireless device may be not allowed to transmit the SR. In an example, the maximum number of SR transmission may be a transmission number for which the wireless device may be allowed to transmit the SR at most.

In an example, a PUCCH resource may be identified by at least: frequency location (e.g., starting PRB); a PUCCH format associated with initial cyclic shift of a base sequence and time domain location (e.g., starting symbol index). In an example, a PUCCH format may be PUCCH format 0, or PUCCH format 1, or PUCCH format 2, or PUCCH format 3, or PUCCH format 4. A PUCCH format 0 may has a length of 1 or 2 OFDM symbols and is less than or equal to 2 bits. A PUCCH format 1 may occupy a number between 4 and 14 of OFDM symbols and is less than or equal to 2 bits. A PUCCH format 2 may occupy 1 or 2 OFDM symbols and is greater than 2 bits. A PUCCH format 3 may occupy a number between 4 and 14 of OFDM symbols and is greater than 2 bits. A PUCCH format 4 may occupy a number between 4 and 14 of OFDM symbols and is greater than 2 bits.

In an example, a PUCCH format for SR transmission may be a PUCCH format 0, or PUCCH format 1. A wireless device may transmit a PUCCH in a PUCCH resource for a corresponding SR configuration only when the wireless device transmits a positive SR. For a positive SR transmission using PUCCH format 0, a wireless device may transmit a PUCCH by setting the cyclic shift to a first value (e.g., 0). For a positive SR transmission using PUCCH format 1, a wireless device may transmit a PUCCH by setting a first bit, before BPSK modulated on a sequence, to a first value (e.g., 0).

In an example, a SR may be multiplexed with HARQ-ACK or CSI on a PUCCH format. When a positive SR multiplexed with HARQ-ACK, a wireless device may decide a cyclic shift of the base sequence based on the initial cyclic shift and a first cyclic shift based on one or more values of one or more HARQ-ACK bits. When a negative SR multiplexed with HARQ-ACK, a wireless device may decide a cyclic shift of the base sequence based on the initial cyclic shift and a second cyclic shift based on one or more value of the one or more HARQ-ACK bits. The first cyclic shift is different from the second cyclic shift.

In an example, a wireless device may maintain a SR transmission counter (e.g., SR_COUNTER) associated with a SR configuration.

In an example, if an SR of a SR configuration is triggered, and there are no other SRs pending corresponding to the same SR configuration, a wireless device may set the SR_COUNTER of the SR configuration to a first value (e.g., 0).

In an example, when an SR is triggered, a wireless device may consider the SR pending until it is cancelled. In an example, when one or more UL grants accommodate all pending data available for transmission, all pending SR(s) may be cancelled.

In an example, a wireless device may determine one or more PUCCH resources on an active BWP as valid PUCCH resources at a time of SR transmission occasion.

In an example, a wireless device may transmit a PUCCH in a PUCCH resource associated with a SR configuration when the wireless device transmits a positive SR. In an example, a wireless device may transmit the PUCCH using PUCCH format 0, or PUCCH format 1, according to the PUCCH configuration.

In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRC message comprising parameters of one or more SR configurations. In an example, for each of the one or more SR configurations, the parameters may indicate at least one of: a SR prohibit timer; a maximum number of SR transmission; a parameter indicating a periodicity and offset of SR transmission; and/or a PUCCH resource identified by a PUCCH resource index. In an example, when a SR of a SR configuration triggered (therefore in pending now) in response to a BSR being triggered on a LCH corresponding to the SR configuration, a wireless device may set a SR_COUNTER to a first value (e.g., 0), if there is no other pending SRs corresponding to the SR configuration.

In an example, a wireless device may determine whether there is at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR at the time of SR transmission occasion. If there is no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure on a PCell. The wireless device may cancel the pending SR in response to no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR.

In an example, if there is at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, a wireless device may determine an SR transmission occasion on the at least one valid PUCCH resource based on the periodicity and the offset of SR transmission. In an example, if the SR prohibit timer is running, the wireless device may wait for another SR transmission occasion. In an example, if the SR prohibit timer is not running; and if the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR transmission occasion does not overlap with a measurement gap; and if the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR transmission occasion does not overlap with an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) resource; if the SR_COUNTER is less than the maximum number of SR transmission, the wireless device may increment the SR_COUNTER (e.g., by one), instruct the physical layer of the wireless device to signal the SR on the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR. The physical layer of the wireless device may transmit a PUCCH on the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR. The wireless device may monitor a PDCCH for detecting a DCI for uplink grant in response to transmitting the PUCCH.

In an example, if a wireless device receives one or more uplink grants which may accommodate all pending data available for transmission, the wireless device may cancel the pending SR, and/or stop the SR prohibit timer.

In an example, if the wireless device does not receive one or more uplink grants which may accommodate all pending data available for transmission, the wireless device may repeat one or more actions comprising: determining the at least one valid PUCCH resource; checking whether the SR prohibit timer is running; whether the SR_COUNTER is equal or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission; incrementing the SR_COUNTER, transmitting the SR and starting the SR prohibit timer; monitoring a PDCCH for uplink grant.

In an example, if the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission, a wireless device may release PUCCH for one or more serving cells, and/or release SRS for the one or more serving cells, and/or clear one or more configured downlink assignments and uplink grants, and/or initiate a random access procedure on a PCell, and/or cancel all the pending SRs.

Example of Scheduling Request-Based Procedure for BFR Procedure.

In an example, a gNB and a wireless device may perform a PRACH-based BFR procedure when at least one beam failure instance is identified if a beam correspondence exists between the gNB and the wireless device. In an example, a beam correspondence may exist when a wireless device transmits an uplink signal using a transmission beam corresponding to a receiving beam for receiving a downlink signal from the gNB. When the wireless device identifies the receiving beam, for example, by determining an RF and/or digital beamforming parameters for receiving the downlink signal from the gNB, the wireless device may determine the transmission beam by using an RF and/or digital beamforming parameters corresponding to beamforming parameters for the receiving beam. For example, the beamforming parameters (e.g., beam weight factors on antenna elements) for the transmission beam may be same as that for the receiving beam in case of beam correspondence existence. The beam correspondence existence may simplify transceiver design in some case, since a wireless device may determine a transmission beam based on a receiving beam. In an example, with beam correspondence, a gNB may not necessarily indicate the transmission beam used for a downlink or an uplink transmission, therefore reducing the signaling overhead. In an example, with beam correspondence, a wireless device may avoid uplink beam sweeping to help a gNB find a proper uplink beam, therefore reducing the power consumption of the wireless device. In an example, the proper beam may be in the direction of the wireless device. Beam correspondence may exist in some scenario, for example, in a TDD case, or when transmission and reception share the same set of physical antenna elements, and/or when transmission and reception have a same or similar beam width.

In an example, a beam correspondence may not exist, when physical antenna for transmission is separated from physical antenna for reception, and/or the beam widths for transmission and reception are different. In an example, a wireless device may not determine a transmission beam based on a receiving beam. The receiving beam may be used for receiving downlink signals. In such case, a gNB may indicate explicitly a transmission beam of PUCCH/PUSCH transmission, for example, by a RRC message, or a MAC CE, or a DCI. In an example, a gNB and a wireless device may not perform a PRACH-based BFR procedure when at least one beam failure instance is identified if a beam correspondence does not exist.

When beam correspondence does not exist, in existing PRACH-based BFR procedure, a wireless device may determine, for PRACH preamble transmission, a transmission beam associated with the receiving beam for receiving a candidate beam. However, the gNB may not detect the PRACH preamble since the gNB may not expect that there is an uplink transmission on the transmission beam on which the wireless device transmits the PRACH preamble, due to no beam correspondence between the transmission beam and the receiving beam in the gNB and/or the wireless device. In this case, the PRACH-based BFR procedure may result in an unsuccessful beam failure recovery. The unsuccessful beam failure recovery may further lead to a radio link failure.

In an example, when a beam correspondence does not exist, a wireless device may transmit a PUCCH signal to a gNB indicating a BFR procedure is triggered, when at least one beam failure instance is identified. A transmission beam for the PUCCH signal may be indicated by a RRC message, or a MAC CE, or a DCI. However, HARQ is not supported in existing PUCCH transmission. For example, a wireless device may transmit a CSI report to a gNB on a PUCCH resource. The gNB may not transmit a response to the wireless device for a confirmation of receiving the CSI report, even if the gNB receives the CSI report. For example, a wireless device may transmit a HARQ-ACK feedback to a gNB on a PUCCH resource. The gNB may not transmit a response to the wireless device to confirm a reception of receiving the HARQ-ACK feedback. For a BFR procedure, after a wireless device transmits a PUCCH signal to a gNB, the wireless device may expect to receive a response from the gNB. When no response is received from the gNB, the wireless device may determine to repeat transmitting the PUCCH signal. Therefore, a mechanism for a gNB's confirmation in response to a PUCCH signal transmission is necessary. The gNB's confirmation may ensure that the wireless device and the gNB interact properly to complete the BFR procedure. Example embodiments provide methods to enhance an SR based, or an SR-like BFR procedure when beam correspondence does not exist.

In existing SR configurations, an SR configuration may correspond to at least one logical channel. An SR configuration may be associated with multiple parameters comprising at least one of: an SR prohibit timer; a maximum number of SR transmissions; a parameter indicating a periodicity and offset of the SR transmissions; and/or a PUCCH resource.

In an example, when an SR-like procedure is used for a BFR procedure, an SR-like configuration for the BFR procedure may be different from an SR configuration associated with at least one logical channel. For example, a wireless device may transmit a pending SR at most 64 times for the SR configuration associated with the at least one logical channel. In an example, a wireless device may transmit an SR at most 200 times for the SR-like configuration for the BFR procedure, for example, considering the beam correspondence may not exist. In an example, a response window for the BFR procedure may be shorter than that for an SR for requesting an UL-SCH resource. For example, a response timer associated with the BFR procedure may be at most 80 slots subject to a first configuration. An SR prohibit timer for the SR configuration for the requesting the UL-SCH resource may be at most 128 ms subject to a second configuration. Therefore, an SR-like configuration for a BFR procedure may be separately or independently configured from an SR configuration for requesting an UL-SCH resource.

In an example, when an SR-like procedure (e.g., PUCCH based) is used for a BFR procedure, the SR-like procedure triggered by the BFR procedure may be different from an SR procedure triggered by requesting UL-SCH resource (e.g., BSR triggered).

FIG. 18 shows an example of PUCCH-based BFR procedure. A gNB may transmit at least one message comprising parameters indicating a first set of RSs (e.g., RS 0) and a second set of RSs (e.g., RS 1, RS 2 and RS 3). The at least one message may be a RRC message (e.g. RRC connection reconfiguration message, or RRC connection reestablishment message, or RRC connection setup message). The first set of RSs may identify one or more beams QCLed with a beam on which the gNB transmits PDCCH/PDSCHs. The second set of RSs may identify one or more candidate beams from which the wireless device may select a candidate beam with quality better than a first threshold when the one or more beams associated with the first set of RSs fail. In an example, each of the first/second set of RSs may be a SSB, or a CSI-RS. The first threshold may be a configured value based on BLER, or SINR, or L1-RSRP. In an example, the one or more beams associated with the first set of RSs fail when measurement on the first set of RSs are worse than a configured second threshold (e.g., RSRP, or BLER).

In an example, the at least one message may comprise configuration parameters. In an example, the configuration parameters may indicate a first request (e.g., scheduling request, or a beam failure request, or a beam request) configuration, and at least a second sr (e.g., scheduling request) configuration. The first request configuration may be associated with at least one of: a first PUCCH resource; a first timer with a first value; a first transmission number; a first periodicity for a transmission of the first request; and/or a first offset for the transmission of the first request. In an example, the at least second sr configuration may be associated with at least one of: a second PUCCH resource; a second timer with a second value; a second transmission number; a second periodicity; and/or a second offset. In an example, the at least second SR configuration may be associated with at least one logical channel.

In an example, the first value for the first timer may be different from the second value of the second timer. In an example, the first transmission number may be different from the second transmission number. In an example, the first periodicity may be different from the second periodicity. In an example, the first offset may be different from the second offset. In an example, the first PUCCH resource may be different from the second PUCCH resource.

In an example, the wireless device may maintain a first counter for the first request configuration. In an example, the wireless device may maintain a second counter for each of the at least second sr configuration.

In an example, the at least one message may comprise parameters indicating a first control resource set, and at least a second control resource set. The first control resource set may be associated with the first request configuration. In an example, when a wireless device transmits a first request on the first PUCCH resource for a BFR procedure, the wireless device may monitor a first PDCCH on the first control resource set. In an example, when a wireless device transmits a second sr of the at least second sr configuration, the wireless device may monitor a second PDCCH on the at least second control resource set.

In an example, when a random-access procedure is initiated for a beam failure recovery of a downlink BWP, a BWP inactivity timer associated with the downlink BWP may be stopped. In an example, in response to the stopping the BWP inactivity timer, the wireless device may not switch the downlink BWP due to an expiry of the BWP inactivity timer. In an example, the stopping the BWP inactivity timer may avoid a misalignment, between a base station and a wireless device, on the downlink BWP the wireless device is operating on. In an example, the base station may transmit a BFR response (e.g., random-access response, beam failure recovery response) on the downlink BWP to complete the random-access procedure. The wireless device may complete the random-access procedure for the beam failure recovery in response to the receiving the BFR response on the downlink BWP. In an example, the wireless device may avoid missing the receiving the BFR response from the base station in response to the stopping the BWP inactivity timer.

In an example, in existing procedures, a BWP inactivity timer of a downlink BWP may not be stopped when an uplink transmission via a PUCCH resource is initiated. If the existing procedures for the uplink transmission via the PUCCH resource are used for a PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may not stop a BWP inactivity timer of a downlink BWP in response to the initiating an uplink transmission via a PUCCH resource for the PUCCH based BFR procedure of the downlink BWP. In an example, the BWP inactivity timer may expire during the PUCCH based BFR. In response to the expiry of the BWP inactivity timer, the wireless device may switch the downlink BWP to a default downlink BWP. In an example, the base station may not be aware of the switching. The base station may transmit a BFR response on the downlink BWP to complete the PUCCH-based BFR. In an example, the wireless device may not receive the BFR response due to the switching the downlink BWP. This may result in delay, signaling overhead, interference in PUCCH-based BFR procedures.

Example embodiments enhance PUCCH-based BFR to improve downlink radio efficiency, reduce uplink signaling overhead and reduce a duration.

FIG. 19 shows an example embodiment. In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more messages comprising configuration parameters in time T0. The one or more messages may comprise one or more RRC messages. In an example, the configuration parameters may comprise bandwidth part (BWP) configuration parameters for a plurality of BWPs comprising a first BWP (e.g. default BWP) and a second BWP (non-default BWP). The configuration parameters may further comprise one or more beam failure recovery (BFR) configuration parameters. The one or more BFR configuration parameters may comprise a first set of RS resource configurations for the second BWP. The first set of RS resource configurations may comprise one or more first RSs (e.g., CSI-RS or SS blocks) of the second BWP. The one or more BFR configuration parameters may further comprise a second set of RS resource configurations comprising one or more second RSs (e.g., CSI-RS or SS blocks) of the second BWP. The wireless device may measure radio link quality of one or more beams associated with the one or more first RSs and/or the one or more second RSs.

In an example, the one or more BFR configuration parameters may further comprise one or more beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) resources associated with the second BWP. In an example, the one or more BFR configuration parameters may further comprise an association between each of the one or more second RSs and each of the one or more BFRQ resources.

In an example, a wireless device may receive a first DCI indicating switching a current active BWP to the second BWP. In an example, the first DCI may comprise a BWP indicator. The wireless device may determine that the first DCI indicates BWP switching in response to the BWP indicator indicating a BWP different from the current active BWP. In an example, the wireless device may start an inactivity timer of the second BWP in response to switching the current active BWP to the second BWP.

In an example, the wireless device may assess a first radio link quality of the one or more first RSs against a first threshold. In an example, the first threshold (e.g. hypothetical BLER, L1-RSRP) may be a first value provided by a higher layer (e.g. RRC, MAC). The wireless device may monitor at least one PDCCH of the second BWP. At least one RS (e.g., DM-RS) of the at least one PDCCH may be associated (e.g., QCLed) with the one or more first RSs.

A wireless device may detect a beam failure on the second BWP when the first radio link quality of the one or more first RSs meets certain criteria (time T1). For example, a beam failure may occur when RSRP/SINR of the one or more first RSs is lower than the first threshold and/or BLER is higher than the first threshold. The assessment may be for a consecutive number of times with a value provided by a higher layer (e.g. RRC, MAC).

In response to detecting the beam failure on the second BWP, the wireless device may initiate a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the second BWP (time T2). In an example, T1 and T2 may be same. In an example, T1 and T2 may be different. In response to initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure, the wireless device may stop the inactivity timer of the second BWP. In an example, the stopping the inactivity timer may avoid switching the second BWP during the PUCCH based BFR procedure. In an example, the stopping the inactivity timer may enable the wireless device not to miss a BFR response of the base station to complete the PUCCH-based BFR procedure.

In an example, in response to initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure the wireless device may start a BFR timer (if configured) and/or initiate a candidate beam identification procedure. In an example, the BFR timer may be similar to beamFailureRecoveryTimer. The BFR timer may be used in PUCCH-based BFR procedure. For the candidate beam identification procedure, the wireless device may identify a first RS in the one or more second RSs. The first RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource of the one or more BFRQ resources. The BFRQ resource may comprise at least one PUCCH (e.g. time and/or frequency) resource. In an example, a second radio link quality (e.g. BLER, L1-RSRP) of the first RS may be better (e.g. lower BLER or higher L1-RSRP or higher SINR) than a second threshold. In the example, the second threshold may be a second value provided by the higher layer (e.g. RRC, MAC).

In an example, in response to detecting the beam failure on the second BWP and identifying the first RS of the second BWP, the wireless device may initiate a beam failure recovery request (BFRQ) transmission. The BFRQ transmission may comprise transmitting, in a first slot, at least one PUCCH signal via the at least one PUCCH resource for the PUCCH-based BFR procedure of the second BWP (time T3). In an example, the at least one PUCCH signal may be a bit. In an example, the bit may be set to a first value (e.g., one), indicating: the PUCCH-based BFR procedure is triggered; and/or a candidate beam (e.g., the first RS) associated with the at least one PUCCH resource is identified.

In response to transmitting the at least one PUCCH signal in the first slot, the wireless device may start, from a second slot, monitoring for a BFR response. The monitoring for the BFR response may comprise monitoring at least one second PDCCH in one or more coresets associated with the second BWP for a second DCI (e.g. a downlink assignment or an uplink grant) within a configured response window (or when a first timer with a first value is running). The second DCI may be with CRC scrambled by a C-RNTI of the wireless device. In an example, the one or more coresets may be dedicated for a beam failure recovery. In an example, the one or more coresets may be configured with the one or more BFR configuration parameters.

In an example, in response to receiving the second DCI on the at least one second PDCCH in the one or more coresets, within the configured response window, the PUCCH-based BFR procedure may be successfully completed (time T4). In an example, in response to the PUCCH-based BFR procedure being successfully completed, the wireless device may restart the inactivity timer of the second BWP (time T4).

In an example, when the BFR timer expires before the completion of the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may complete the PUCCH-based BFR procedure unsuccessfully.

In an example, in response to the completing the PUCCH based BFR procedure unsuccessfully, the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure (e.g., contention based random-access) for a beam failure recovery of the second BWP.

In an example, the at least one PUCCH resource may overlap with a measurement gap. In an example, the wireless device may transmit the at least one PUCCH signal via the at least one PUCCH resource for the PUCCH-based BFR procedure regardless of the measurement gap.

In an example, when the wireless device initiates the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may set a first counter to a first value (e.g., 0). In an example, if the first counter indicates a value less than the first transmission number, the wireless device may transmit the at least one PUCCH signal via the at least one PUCCH resource for the PUCCH-based BFR procedure.

In an example, a wireless device may increment the first counter (e.g., by one), and/or start the first timer with the first value, in response to transmitting the at least one PUCCH signal via the at least one PUCCH resource.

In an example, if the first counter indicates a value greater (or greater than or equal) the first transmission number, the wireless device may complete the PUCCH-based BFR procedure unsuccessfully.

In an example, in response to the completing the PUCCH based BFR procedure unsuccessfully, the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure (e.g., contention based random-access) for a beam failure recovery of the second BWP

FIG. 20 shows an example embodiment. The procedures performed at time T0 and T1 of FIG. 20 are similar to the ones of FIG. 19 performed at time T0 and T1.

In an example, in response to detecting the beam failure on the second BWP, the wireless device may initiate a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure for the second BWP (time T1). In response to the initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure, the wireless device may not stop the inactivity timer of the second BWP. In an example, in response to the initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure, the wireless device may start, if configured, a BFR timer (BFR timer in FIG. 20). In an example, in response to initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure the wireless device may set a first counter (BFR counter in FIG. 20) to a first value (e.g., 0).

In an example, a wireless device may increment the first counter (e.g., by one), and/or start a first timer (e.g., Response window in FIG. 20) with a first value, in response to transmitting the at least one PUCCH signal via the at least one PUCCH resource.

In an example, the PUCCH-based BFR procedure may be completed unsuccessfully in response to the BFR timer (if configured) expiring. In an example, the PUCCH-based BFR procedure may be completed unsuccessfully in response to the first counter indicating a value greater than or equal to the first transmission number.

In an example, the inactivity timer of the second BWP may expire during the PUCCH-based BFR procedure (time T4).

In an example, the inactivity timer of the second BWP may expire before the PUCCH-based BFR procedure is completed (e.g., successfully or unsuccessfully). In an example, the inactivity timer of the second BWP may expire when the first counter indicating a value less than the first transmission number (e.g., N in FIG. 20 is less than the first transmission number).

In an example, in response to the inactivity timer expiring, the wireless device may abort the PUCCH-based BFR procedure. In an example, in response to the aborting the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may at least: reset the BFR timer (e.g., BFR timer in FIG. 20), reset the first counter (BFR counter in FIG. 20), or reset the first timer (e.g., Response window in FIG. 20).

In an example, the wireless device may switch to a default downlink BWP in response to the inactivity timer expiring.

In an example, the resetting the BFR timer, the first counter or the first timer may avoid continuing the PUCCH-based BFR in the default downlink BWP. The default DL BWP may be configured with a different set of RS resource configurations for PDCCH monitoring. In an example, the different set of RS resource configurations may have a good (e.g., lower BLER than the first threshold, higher SINR than the first threshold, or higher L1-RSRP than the first threshold) radio link quality.

In an example, a wireless device may receive from a base station, one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters of a cell. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least: a beam failure instance counter of a BWP of the cell and one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources of the BWP for a beam failure recovery procedure.

In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may further indicate a value of a BWP inactivity timer. In an example, the BWP inactivity timer may be configured for the cell. In an example, the BWP inactivity timer may be configured for the BWP. In an example, the wireless device may start the BWP inactivity timer associated with the BWP in response to switching to the BWP as an active BWP.

In an example, the switching may be performed in response to receiving a first downlink control information (DCI) comprising a BWP indicator. The wireless device may determine that the first DCI indicates BWP switching in response to the BWP indicator indicating the BWP (e.g., different from current active BWP). In an example, the switching may be performed in response to receiving an RRC signal indicating BWP switching.

In an example, the switching to the BWP as the active BWP may comprise monitoring a downlink control channel of the BWP.

In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may further indicate at least: one or more first reference signals (RSs) of the BWP, one or more second RSs of the BWP, and radio resources of a dedicated control resource set (coreset) on the BWP. In an example, the one or more first RSs may comprise one or more first CSI-RSs and/or one or more first synchronization signal (SS) blocks. In an example, the one or more second RSs may comprise one or more second CSI-RSs and/or one or more second SS blocks.

In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may further indicate an association between each of the one or more second RSs and each of the one or more PUCCH resources.

In an example, the wireless device may determine a number of beam failure instance indications associated with the BWP reaching to the beam failure instance counter. In an example, the beam failure instance indication may comprise assessing the one or more first RSs of the BWP with radio quality lower than a first threshold. The first threshold may be based on hypothetical BLER, or RSRP, or RSRQ, or SINR. The first threshold may be configured by RRC signaling.

In an example, in response to determining a number of beam failure instance indications associated with the BWP reaching to the beam failure instance counter, the wireless device may initiate the beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the beam failure recovery procedure may comprise selecting a selected RS, in the one or more second RSs. The selected RS may be associated with a PUCCH resource. The PUCCH resource may be one of the one or more PUCCH resources. The PUCCH resource may comprise at least one channel resource. In an example, the at least one channel resource may comprise one or more time resources and/or one or more frequency resources.

In an example, the beam failure recovery procedure may further comprise transmitting, a signal via the at least one channel resource and monitoring, for a second DCI, the dedicated coreset.

In an example, the selected RS may be associated with one of the one or more second RSs with radio quality higher than a second threshold. The second threshold may be based on L1-RSRP, or RSRQ, or hypothetical BLER, or SINR. The second threshold may be configured by RRC signaling.

In an example, the wireless device may stop the BWP inactivity timer in response to the initiating the beam failure recovery procedure. The wireless device may transmit the signal via the PUCCH resource of the one or more PUCCH resources.

In an example, the monitoring the dedicated coreset may comprise searching for the second DCI in the dedicated coreset addressed for an identifier (e.g., C-RNTI) associated with the wireless device. In an example, the wireless device may receive the second DCI on the dedicated coreset. In an example, the wireless device may restart the BWP inactivity timer in response to receiving the second DCI on the dedicated coreset.

In an example, a wireless device may be configured with one or more SR configurations. In an example, each of the one or more SR configurations comprising SR-config1 and SR-config2 may have different (e.g., non-overlapping, fully-overlapping, partially overlapping) PUCCH resources with different or same periodicity.

In an example, the wireless device may transmit one SR at a given time (or in a TTI). In an example, a first PUCCH resources associated SR-config1 may overlap with a second PUCCH resources associated with SR-config2 in time (e.g., in same TTI). In an example, when a first pending SR of SR-config1 and a second pending SR of SR-config2 are triggered (e.g., in a same TTI, slot, frame), the wireless device may select an SR configuration triggered by logical channel with a higher priority. In an example, if SR-config1 and SR-config2 are configured for eMBB and URLLC services, respectively, the wireless device may select SR-config2, which has a higher priority (or triggered by a logical channel with a higher priority). The wireless device may transmit the second pending SR via the second PUCCH resources. In an example, the wireless device may delay the transmission of the first pending SR until the first PUCCH resources for the first pending SR do not overlap with the second PUCCH resources for the second pending SR.

When a similar procedure is implemented for a PUCCH-based BFR procedure, a wireless device may delay a transmission of a triggered request (e.g., may be called scheduling request, or a beam failure request, or a beam request, or a beam failure recovery request, PUCCH-based BFR, and/or the like etc.) for a BFR procedure until at least one valid PUCCH resource for the triggered request does not overlap with a PUCCH resource for transmission of a pending SR. When existing procedures are implemented, a BFR timer configured by RRC may expire and the PUCCH-based BFR procedure may complete unsuccessfully. Implementation of existing procedures may result be inefficient and may result in an increase in radio link failure (RLF).

In an example, when existing procedures are implemented, at least one valid PUCCH resource for a transmission occasion of a triggered request for a BFR procedure may overlap with a PUCCH resource for transmission of a pending SR. If the wireless device drops (or delays) the triggered request and transmits an uplink signal (e.g. SR) on the PUCCH resource, a base station may transmit one or more acknowledgement (ACK) signals associated with the uplink signal. In an example, the wireless device may monitor at least one PDCCH in one or more coresets for the one or more ACK signals. In an example, during the BFR procedure, the at least one PDCCH may fail (e.g., radio link quality lower than a threshold). In an example, the wireless device may not receive the one or more ACK signals. In response to the not receiving the one or more ACK signals, the wireless device may retransmit the uplink signal. Implementation of existing procedures may result in signaling overhead, transmission latency and waste of resources. In an example, transmitting an uplink signal via the PUCCH resource during a BFR procedure may increase the transmission latency.

In an example embodiment, a wireless device may initiate a BFR procedure based on detecting a beam failure. A first PUCCH resource configured for the BFR procedure of the wireless device may overlap in time (e.g., at least one symbol, at least one mini-slot, at least one slot, etc.) with a second PUCCH resource configured for a scheduling request (e.g., for UL-SCH transmission, data transmission, to request an uplink grant) of the wireless device. The wireless device may not transmit a first request (e.g., BFRQ), for the BFR procedure, via the first PUCCH resource and a second request (e.g., SR), for the scheduling request, via the second PUCCH resource simultaneously. The wireless device may not be capable of at least two simultaneous PUCCH transmissions (e.g., power limited, RF-capability limited, etc.). The wireless device may drop the transmission of the first request for the BFR procedure and transmit the second request for the scheduling request. Dropping the transmission of the first request for the BFR procedure may create inefficiencies. In an example, the wireless device may not receive an uplink grant, from a base station receiving the second request, for the scheduling request based on the beam failure at the wireless device. The wireless device may detect the beam failure based on the quality of downlink control channels of the wireless device being worse (e.g., higher BLER, lower SINR, lower RSRP, etc.) than a threshold. The wireless device may not receive the uplink grant via the downlink control channels with the beam failure. This may result in retransmission of the second request leading to increased interference to other cells and wireless device. This may result in delayed data transmission (e.g., UL-SCH). This may delay the completion of the BFR procedure. There is a need to implement an enhanced procedure for the BFR of the wireless device.

Example embodiments implement an enhanced BFR procedure when a first request for a BFR procedure overlaps, in time, with a second request for a scheduling request. A wireless device may drop the transmission of the second request and transmit the first request. The wireless device may complete the BFR procedure earlier based on the dropping the transmission of the second request and transmitting the first request. This enhanced process improves uplink control signaling, reduces uplink overhead (e.g., reduce retransmissions) and interference, and reduces wireless device battery power consumption (e.g. by reducing monitoring, for an uplink grant, downlink control channels with a beam failure). The wireless device may reestablish connection with the base station before declaring radio-link-failure (RLF).

Example embodiments enhance PUCCH-based BFR procedures to improve downlink radio efficiency and reduce uplink signaling overhead and reduce a duration of a BFR procedure.

FIG. 21 shows an example embodiment. The procedures at time T0, T1 and T2 of FIG. 19 are similar in this embodiment. In response to detecting a beam failure, a wireless device may initiate a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure. In an example, the wireless device may trigger a first request for the PUCCH-based BFR procedure.

In an example, in response to initiating the PUCCH based BFR procedure the wireless device may initiate a candidate beam identification procedure. For the candidate beam identification procedure, the wireless device may identify the first RS. The first RS may be associated with a BFRQ resource of the one or more BFRQ resources. The BFRQ resource may comprise at least one PUCCH (e.g. time and/or frequency) resource. In an example, the wireless device may trigger the first request on the at least one PUCCH resource.

In an example, the at least one PUCCH resource for an occasion of the first request (BFR Request in FIG. 21) may overlap with one or more PUCCH resources for transmission of one or more SRs (SR resource #1 and SR resource #2 in FIG. 21). In an example, when the at least one PUCCH resource for the occasion of the first request overlaps with one or more PUCCH resources for the transmission of the one or more SRs, the wireless device may drop (or delay or skip) the transmission of the one or more SRs. In FIG. 21, the wireless device may skip the transmission of a first SR associated with SR resource #1 and a second SR associated with SR resource #2, and transmit the BFR request via the at least one PUCCH resource for the PUCCH-based BFR procedure.

In an example, a BFR procedure may have a higher priority than the transmission of the one or more SRs. In an example, during the BFR procedure of a serving cell, if the serving cell is used as a timing reference cell, inter symbol interference to other users may happen. In an example, during the BFR procedure of a serving cell, if the serving cell is used as a pathloss reference cell, the wireless device may have an incorrect pathloss estimation. The incorrect pathloss estimation may result in interference to other users/cells.

Dropping the transmission of the one or more SRs, may, in an example, reduce an uplink interference to other wireless devices and/or cells.

In an example, the wireless device may perform a prioritization rule among one or more pending SRs and BFR request (if triggered). The prioritization rule may be selecting, in order of high priority, 1) a transmission of the BFR request, 2) a first SR of the one or more pending SRs triggered by a logical channel with the highest priority, 3) a second SR of the one or more pending SRs triggered by a logical channel with the second highest priority and the like.

A wireless device may receive from a base station one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate at least: a beam failure instance counter, a scheduling request (SR) maximum counter and one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources. In an example, the one or more PUCCH resources may be employed for transmission of a signal indicating an SR.

In an example, the wireless device may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure in response to a number of beam failure instance indications reaching to the beam failure instance counter.

In an example, the wireless device may detect one or more pending SRs. The wireless device may transmit the signal via a PUCCH resource of the one or more PUCCH resources in response to the detecting the one or more pending SRs. The wireless device may increment an SR counter in response to the transmitting the signal. In an example, the SR counter may reach to the SR maximum counter when the BFR procedure is ongoing. In an example, in response to the SR counter reaching to the SR maximum counter when the BFR procedure is ongoing, the wireless device may abort the BFR procedure. In an example, the aborting the BFR procedure may comprise resetting BFR timer (e.g., beamFailureRecoveryTimer) (if configured), the first counter (e.g. signal transmission counter) and/or a first timer (e.g., ra-responsewindow), associated with the BFR procedure. In an example, the BFR timer, the first counter and the first timer may be configured with the one or more configuration parameters.

In existing SR procedures, when a counter of SR transmissions (e.g., SR_COUNTER) reaches to a maximum value (e.g., maximum number of SR transmission, sr-TransMax), the wireless device may notify RRC to release PUCCH for all serving cells and initiate a random access procedure and cancel all pending SRs.

When a similar SR procedure is implemented during an ongoing PUCCH-based BFR procedure, when the counter of SR transmissions reaches to the maximum value, the wireless device may stop the ongoing PUCCH-based BFR procedure. In an example, the stopping the ongoing PUCCH-based BFR procedure may result in unsuccessful completion of the PUCCH-based BFR procedure. In an example, the initiating the random-access procedure may delay the recovery of beam failure between the base station and the wireless device. Implementation of existing procedures may be inefficient and may result in an increase in delay of the recovery of the beam failure.

In an example, a beam failure recovery procedure and an SR procedure may be ongoing in the same TTI or slot or frame. In an example, a wireless device may perform a transmission for a pending SR during an ongoing BFR procedure. When the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission, the wireless device may abort the ongoing BFR procedure and initiate a random-access procedure. The aborting the ongoing BFR procedure may interrupt the ongoing BFR procedure, which may result in a delay in recovering the beam failure. The aborting the ongoing BFR procedure may result in signaling overhead and/or latency.

In an example, a wireless device may initiate a BFR procedure based on detecting a beam failure. The wireless device may detect the beam failure based on the quality of downlink control channels of the wireless device being worse (e.g., higher BLER, lower SINR, lower RSRP, etc.) than a threshold. In an example, a base station may configure the wireless device with PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure. In an example, a wireless device may have a pending SR for an uplink data (e.g., UL-SCH, transport block, etc.). In an example, the SR may be triggered during the (ongoing) BFR procedure. In an example, the wireless device may transmit an SR for the pending SR. The wireless device may monitor, for an uplink grant, the downlink control channels of the wireless device based on the transmitting the SR. The wireless device may not receive the uplink grant via the downlink control channels with the beam failure. The wireless device may not receive the uplink grant via the downlink control channels based on detecting the beam failure for the downlink control channels. This may result in retransmission of the (pending) SR. In an example, the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR may reach to a maximum configured value. Based on the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR reaching to the maximum configured value, the wireless device may release the PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure and initiate a random-access procedure. The wireless device may not transmit via the PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure based on the releasing. The wireless device may abort the BFR procedure based on the releasing. This may result in unsuccessful completion of the BFR procedure. The random-access procedure to reestablish a link between the wireless device and the base station may take a longer time the BFR procedure. There is a need to implement an enhanced procedure for the BFR of the wireless device.

Example embodiments implement an enhanced BFR procedure when the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR reaches a maximum configured value during an ongoing BFR procedure. In an example embodiment, a wireless device may not release the PUCCH resources when the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR reaches to a maximum configured value during an ongoing BFR procedure. The wireless device may continue the BFR procedure based on the not releasing the PUCCH resources. Continuing the BFR procedure may comprise the wireless device transmitting via the PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure based on not releasing the PUCCH resources.

In an example embodiment, when the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR reaches to the maximum configured value during an ongoing BFR procedure, a wireless device may suspend the pending SR until the BFR procedure is completed. The suspending of the pending SR may comprise the wireless device not transmitting the pending SR until the BFR procedure is completed.

In an example embodiment, when the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR reaches to the maximum configured value during an ongoing BFR procedure, a wireless device may reset the number of retransmissions of the (pending) SR to a first value (e.g., zero).

This enhanced process improves downlink control signaling (e.g., the base station may not need to reconfigure the released PUCCH resources) and reduces downlink signal overhead. The wireless device may reestablish connection with the base station faster than the random-access procedure.

FIG. 22, FIG. 23, FIG. 24 and FIG. 25 are examples of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRC message comprising parameters of one or more SR configurations and one or more BFR configurations (time T0 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25). In an example, for each of the one or more SR configurations, the parameters may indicate at least one of: a SR prohibit timer; a maximum number of SR transmission (e.g., MaxTrans in FIG. 22-FIG. 25); a parameter indicating a periodicity and offset of SR transmission; and/or a PUCCH resource identified by a PUCCH resource index. In an example, when an SR of an SR configuration triggered (therefore in pending now) in response to a BSR being triggered on an LCH corresponding to the SR configuration, a wireless device may initiate an SR procedure. In an example, for the SR procedure, the wireless device may set a SR_COUNTER (e.g., SR counter in FIG. 22-FIG. 25) to a first value (e.g., 0), if there is no other pending SRs corresponding to the SR configuration (time T1 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25).

In an example, for the SR procedure, a wireless device may determine whether there is at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR at the time of SR transmission occasion. If there is no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure on a PCell. The wireless device may cancel the pending SR in response to no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR.

In an example, if there is at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, a wireless device may determine an SR transmission occasion on the at least one valid PUCCH resource based on the periodicity and the offset of SR transmission. In an example, if the SR prohibit timer is running, the wireless device may wait for another SR transmission occasion. In an example, if the SR prohibit timer is not running; and if the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR transmission occasion does not overlap with a measurement gap; and if the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR transmission occasion does not overlap with an uplink shared channel (UL-SCH) resource; if the SR_COUNTER is less than the maximum number of SR transmission, the wireless device may increment the SR_COUNTER (e.g., by one), instruct the physical layer of the wireless device to signal the pending SR on the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the SR (time T2 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25). The physical layer of the wireless device may transmit an uplink signal on the at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR. The wireless device may monitor a PDCCH for detecting a DCI for uplink grant in response to transmitting the PUCCH.

In an example, if a wireless device receives one or more uplink grants which may accommodate all pending data available for transmission, the wireless device may cancel the pending SR, and/or stop the SR prohibit timer. The wireless device may complete the SR procedure successfully in response to the receiving the one or more uplink grants.

In an example, if the wireless device does not receive one or more uplink grants which may accommodate all pending data available for transmission, the wireless device may repeat one or more actions comprising: determining the at least one valid PUCCH resource; checking whether the SR prohibit timer is running; whether the SR_COUNTER is equal or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission; incrementing the SR_COUNTER, transmitting the SR and starting the SR prohibit timer; monitoring a PDCCH for uplink grant.

In an example, a wireless device may initiate or perform a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure during an SR procedure (time between T1 and T3 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25). In an example, a wireless device may perform a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure when an SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully (time T3 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25). In an example, the SR procedure may be completed unsuccessfully when the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission.

In an example, if the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission (time T3 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25), a wireless device may complete the SR procedure unsuccessfully. In response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is no ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may release PUCCH for one or more serving cells, and/or release SRS for the one or more serving cells, and/or clear one or more configured downlink assignments and uplink grants, and/or initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell, and/or cancel all the pending SRs.

In an example, in FIG. 22, in response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not perform one or more actions comprising: releasing PUCCH for one or more serving cells, and/or releasing SRS for the one or more serving cells, and/or clearing one or more configured downlink assignments and uplink grants, and/or initiating a random-access procedure on a PCell, and/or canceling all the pending SRs.

In an example, in FIG. 22, in response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell. In an example, the wireless device may cancel all the pending SRs.

In an example, in FIG. 23, if the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission (time T3), a wireless device may complete the SR procedure unsuccessfully. In response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure, release PUCCH for one or more serving cells, and/or release SRS for the one or more serving cells, and/or clear one or more configured downlink assignments and uplink grants, and/or initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell, and/or cancel all the pending SRs. In an example, the aborting the ongoing beam failure recovery may comprise cancelling the first request, the resetting the BFR timer, the first counter and/or the first timer associated with the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure.

In an example, in FIG. 24, in response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell. In an example, the wireless device may suspend all the pending SRs until the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure is completed (e.g., successfully). In an example, the wireless device may not perform an uplink transmission for the all the pending SRs until the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure is completed.

In an example, in FIG. 25, in response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell or release PUCCH for one or more serving cells, and/or release SRS for the one or more serving cells, and/or clear one or more configured downlink assignments and uplink grants. In an example, the wireless device may reset the SR_COUNTER to zero.

In an example, if the SR_COUNTER indicates a number equal to or greater than the maximum number of SR transmission (time T3 in FIG. 22-FIG. 25), a wireless device may complete the SR procedure unsuccessfully. In response to the completing the SR procedure unsuccessfully, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), it is a UE implementation to abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure and initiate a random access procedure or keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure and not initiate a random-access procedure.

FIG. 26, FIG. 27, and FIG. 28 are examples of downlink beam failure recovery procedure as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure.

In an example, a wireless device may receive one or more RRC message comprising parameters of one or more SR configurations and one or more BFR configurations (time T0 in FIG. 26-FIG. 28). In an example, for each of the one or more SR configurations, the parameters may indicate at least one of: a SR prohibit timer; a maximum number of SR transmission, a parameter indicating a periodicity and offset of SR transmission; and/or a PUCCH resource identified by a PUCCH resource index. In an example, when an SR of an SR configuration triggered (therefore in pending now) in response to a BSR being triggered on an LCH corresponding to the SR configuration, a wireless device may initiate an SR procedure for a pending SR (time T1 in FIG. 26-FIG. 28).

In an example, for the SR procedure, a wireless device may determine whether there is at least one valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR at the time of SR transmission occasion. If there is no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell. The wireless device may cancel the pending SR in response to there being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR.

In an example, a wireless device may initiate or perform a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure during an SR procedure (time between T1 and T2 in FIG. 26-FIG. 28). In an example, a wireless device may perform a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure when an SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully (time T2 in FIG. 26-FIG. 28). In an example, the SR procedure may be completed unsuccessfully when the wireless device cancels the pending SR in response to there being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR.

In an example, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is no ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell and cancel the pending SR.

In an example, in FIG. 26, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not perform one or more actions comprising: initiating a random-access procedure on a PCell and cancelling the pending SR.

In an example, in FIG. 26, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not perform initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell. In an example, the wireless device may cancel the pending SR.

In an example, in FIG. 27, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure, initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell and cancel the pending SR. In an example, the aborting the ongoing beam failure recovery may comprise cancelling the first request (e.g., BFR request), the resetting the BFR timer, the first counter and/or the first timer associated with the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure.

In an example, in FIG. 28, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), the wireless device may keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not perform initiate a random-access procedure on a PCell. In an example, the wireless device may suspend the pending SR until the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure is completed (e.g., successfully). In an example, the wireless device may not perform an uplink transmission for the pending SR until the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure is completed.

In an example, when the SR procedure is completed unsuccessfully in response to being no valid PUCCH resource for the pending SR, if there is an ongoing beam failure recovery procedure (e.g., PUCCH-based BFR or PRACH based BFR), it is a UE implementation to abort the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure and initiate a random access procedure or keep performing the ongoing beam failure recovery procedure and not initiate a random-access procedure.

In an example, a wireless device may receive from a base station, one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources. In an example, the one or more first PUCCH resources may be employed for transmission of a first signal for a beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the one or more configuration parameters may further indicate one or more second PUCCH resources. In an example, the one or more second PUCCH resources may be employed for transmission of a second signal for a scheduling request (SR).

In an example, the wireless device may initiate the beam failure recovery procedure in response to a number of beam failure instance indications reaching to the beam failure instance counter.

In an example, the wireless device may trigger the transmission of the first signal via a first PUCCH resource of the one or more first PUCCH resources in response to the initiating the beam failure recovery procedure. In an example, the first PUCCH resource may be associated with the selected RS.

In an example, the wireless device may detect one or more pending SRs. The wireless device may trigger the transmission of the second signal via a second PUCCH resource of the one or more second PUCCH resources in response to the detecting the one or more pending SRs.

In an example, the wireless device may determine the first PUCCH resource overlapping at least partially in time (e.g., one or more symbols, slots, etc.) with the second PUCCH resource.

In an example, in response to the determining, the wireless device may drop (or skip) the transmission of the second signal and transmit the first signal via the first PUCCH resource. In an example, the dropping (or the skipping) may comprise transmitting the second signal in a next transmission opportunity in time. The next transmission opportunity may comprise a third PUCCH resource of the one or more second PUCCH resources, wherein the third PUCCH resource does not overlap with the first PUCCH resource.

In an example, embodiment, a base station may configure a wireless device with reference signals for a beam failure detection. In an example, the wireless device may measure the reference signals for the beam failure detection. In an example, the wireless device may provide a beam failure instance (BFI) indication to a MAC layer of the wireless device based on the quality of the reference signals being worse (e.g., higher BLER, lower RSRP, lower SINR) than a threshold. Based on the BFI indication, the MAC layer may increment a counter (e.g., BFI_COUNTER) and (re)start a timer (e.g., beamFailureDetectionTimer). When the timer expires the wireless device may reset the counter (e.g., to zero). When the counter reaches (e.g., equal to or greater than) to a configured maximum value (e.g., beamFailureInstanceMaxCount), the wireless device may initiate a BFR procedure.

In an example, the wireless device may transit into DRX inactive time (e.g., of DRX configuration). Measuring the reference signals in the DRX inactive time may increase the power consumption of the wireless device. In an example, initiating a BFR procedure in the DRX inactive time may waste uplink resources (e.g., PUCCH, PRACH) of the BFR procedure. There is a need to implement an enhanced procedure for the BFR of the wireless device.

In an example embodiment, the wireless device may stop measuring the reference signals in the DRX inactive time. This enhanced process reduces battery/power consumption at the wireless device. This enhanced process reduces the resource overhead for the BFR procedure (e.g., the uplink resources for the BFR procedure may not be configured for the DRX inactive time).

In an example, not measuring the reference signals in the DRX inactive time may result in an expiry of the timer. The timer may expire before transitioning into the DRX active time (e.g., DRX period may be longer than the timer). Not measuring the reference signals in the DRX inactive time may result in an expiry of the timer earlier/prematurely. Resetting the counter based on the expiry of the timer may delay the initiation of the BFR procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not initiate/trigger the BFR procedure based on the expiry of the timer. The wireless device may not recover/enhance the quality of the downlink control channels based on the delaying the initiation of the BFR procedure. The wireless device may be less reactive/robust to beam failures. There is a need to implement an enhanced procedure for the BFR of the wireless device.

In example embodiment, the wireless device may not reset the counter in the DRX inactive time. The wireless device may ignore the BFI indication in the DRX inactive time. The wireless device may not reset the counter in the DRX inactive time. The wireless device may stop the timer based on the transiting into DRX inactive time and restart the timer based on the transiting into DRX active time. This enhanced process improves robustness of the wireless device to the beam failures. In an example, the wireless device may react/initiate a BFR procedure faster/earlier and recover downlink control signaling in a timely manner.

FIG. 29 shows an example of beam failure indication. In an example, a wireless device may use at least one UE variable for a beam failure detection. BFI_COUNTER may be one of the at least one UE variable. The BFI_COUNTER may be a counter for a beam failure instance indication. The BFI_COUNTER may be initially set to zero.

In an example, if a MAC entity of a wireless device receives a beam failure instance indication from a lower layer (e.g. PHY) of the wireless device, the wireless device may start or restart beamFailureDetectionTimer (e.g., BFR timer in FIG. 29). In addition to starting or restarting the beamFailureDetectionTimer, the wireless device may increment BFI_COUNTER by one (e.g., at time T, 2T, 5T in FIG. 29). In an example, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure (e.g. on an SpCell) for a beam failure recovery and start the beamFailureRecoveryTimer (if configured) in response to the BFI_COUNTER being greater than or equal to beamFailureInstanceMaxCount and being configured with beamFailureRecoveryConfig via RRC signaling. In an example, in FIG. 29, the wireless device may initiate the random access procedure at time 6T, when the beamFailureInstanceMaxCount (e.g., 3) is reached. The wireless device may apply the one or more parameters (e.g., powerRampingStep, preambleReceivedTargetPower, and preambleTransMax) in the BeamFailureRecoveryConfig in response to the initiating the random access procedure. In an example, the random access procedure may be contention-free random access. In an example, if the random access procedure is successfully completed, the wireless device may consider the beam failure recovery procedure successfully completed. In an example, the wireless device may stop the beamFailureRecoveryTimer (if configured) in response to the random access procedure being successfully completed.

In an example, the wireless device may initiate a contention-based random access procedure (e.g. on an SpCell) in response to the BFI_COUNTER being greater than or equal to beamFailureInstanceMaxCount and not being configured with beamFailureRecoveryConfig via RRC signaling. In an example, if the contention-based random access procedure is successfully completed, the wireless device may consider the beam failure recovery procedure successfully completed.

In an example, if the beamFailureDetectionTimer expires, the wireless device may set the BFI_COUNTER to zero (e.g., in FIG. 29, between time 3T and 4T).

In an example, for a BWP switching, a transition time may be necessary for a wireless device for processing time and RF tuning time. A wireless device may not receive one or more downlink signals during the transition time of the BWP switching (e.g., UL BWP switching or DL BWP switching, or both). A wireless device may not transmit one or more uplink signals during the transition time of the BWP switching (e.g., UL BWP switching or DL BWP switching, or both). In an example, a transition time of a BWP switching may depend on at least one of changing a center frequency of an active BWP; or changing a bandwidth of an active BWP; or changing a center frequency of an active BWP and changing a bandwidth of the active BWP; or changing a numerology (e.g., subcarrier spacing) of an active BWP without changing a center frequency and a bandwidth of the active BWP.

In an example, for a DCI-based BWP switching, a transition time of an active DL and/or active UL BWP switch is a time duration from a PDCCH reception carrying a DCI indicating the active DL BWP and/or UL BWP switch until the beginning of a slot indicated by a first number (e.g., 4, 8, 20, 32 slots or symbols). In an example, the transition time may be 2 msec. In an example, the first number may be indicated in the DCI.

In an example, a wireless device, during a measurement gap, may not perform the transmission of HARQ feedback, SR and CSI; may not report SRS; may not transmit UL-SCH, except for Msg3 used in contention-based random-access procedure. In an example, the wireless device may not monitor at least one PDCCH when the ra-ResponseWindow or the ra-ContentionResolutionTimer is running.

In an example, when a wireless device is configured with a discontinuous reception (DRX) operation, the wireless device, in RRC_CONNECTED, may monitor the PDCCH discontinuously. RRC may control the DRX operation by configuring at least one or more parameters comprising drx-onDurationTimer or drx-InactivityTimer or drx-RetransmissionTimerDL or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL.

In an example, when the wireless device is not in Active time (e.g., DRX inactive time), the wireless device may not monitor the PDCCH. The Active time may include a time while drx-onDurationTimer or drx-InactivityTimer or drx-RetransmissionTimerDL or drx-RetransmissionTimerUL or ra-ContentionResolutionTimer is running, or a scheduling request is sent on PUCCH and is pending; or a PDCCH indicating a new transmission addressed to the C-RNTI of the wireless device has not been received after successful reception of a random access response for a random access preamble not selected by the wireless device among contention-based random access preamble.

In an example, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device when the wireless device is not monitoring PDCCH. In an example, if a wireless device is configured with DRX operation, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device when the wireless device is not in the Active time (e.g., DRX inactive time). In an example, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device when the wireless device is in a measurement gap. In an example, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device during a BWP switching.

In an example, a physical layer of a wireless device may provide a beam failure indication (e.g., BFI) to higher layers (e.g. MAC) when a radio link quality (e.g., BLER, L1-RSRP) of one or more RSs (e.g., periodic CSI-RS, SSB) is worse than a first threshold. In an example, the one or more RSs may be configured by a base station via RRC signaling. In an example, the first threshold may be configured by a higher layer (e.g., RRC, MAC). In an example, the wireless device may provide the beam failure indication to the higher layers with a periodicity. The periodicity may be determined by a maximum between the shortest periodicity of the one or more RSs and a second value (e.g. 2 msec). In an example, the second value may be configured by higher layers (e.g., RRC).

FIG. 30 shows an example of a BFI when a wireless device does not monitor the PDCCH. In an example, at time T_(a), the wireless device may initiate a BWP switching. In an example, the BWP switching may be triggered by a DCI (e.g., DCI-based BWP switching) or an expiry of an inactivity timer. In an example, at time T_(a), the wireless device may start DRX inactive time. In an example, at time T_(a), the wireless device may start a measurement gap. In an example, a time duration may comprise a duration of time the wireless device does not monitor PDCCH. The wireless device may not receive one or more downlink signals during the time duration of the BWP switching or time duration of the measurement gap or time duration of the DRX inactive time (e.g., between T_(a) and T_(b) in FIG. 30). The wireless device may not assess a radio link quality (e.g., BLER, L1-RSRP) for one or more RSs (e.g., periodic CSI-RS, SSB) during the time duration (e.g., between T_(a) and T_(b) in FIG. 30). In an example, an instance of the beam failure indication may be within the time duration (e.g., 3T₁ in FIG. 30).

In an example, in the time duration, the wireless device may not assess a radio link quality of the one or more RSs. In an example, in the time duration, the wireless device may assess a radio link quality of a subset of the one or more RSs. In that case, the instance of the beam failure indication may not be reliable.

In an example, in response to not assessing the radio link quality, the wireless device may not provide a beam failure indication at the instance of the beam failure indication (e.g., at 3T₁ in FIG. 30) within the time duration. In an example, a beam failure detection timer may expire in response to not receiving the beam failure indication during the time duration (e.g., between 3T1 and T_(b) in FIG. 30). The beam failure detection timer may start or restart in response to receiving a beam failure indication. In an example, the wireless device may set a beam failure counter (e.g., BFI_COUNTER) to zero in response to the beam failure detection timer expiring during the time duration. In that case, an initiation of a beam failure recovery procedure may be delayed. For example, in FIG. 30, the beam failure recovery may be initiated at time 3T2 instead of 3T₁. In an example, the one or more RSs may have lower radio link quality than the first threshold during the BWP transition time. In that case, not receiving the beam failure indication during the transition time may not reflect a true radio link quality of one or more downlink control channels associated (QCLed) with the one or more RSs.

In an example, the wireless device may provide a beam failure indication to higher layers within the time duration (e.g., DRX inactive time, measurement gap, BWP switching). In an example, the beam failure indication within the time duration may be same as a previous beam failure indication. In an example, in FIG. 30, within time duration, an instance of a beam failure indication may exist (e.g., at time 3T1). In an example, the wireless device may provide a beam failure indication to the higher layers within time duration (e.g., at time 3T1) if a beam failure indication was provided in the previous instance (e.g., at time 2T1). In an example, the wireless device may not provide a beam failure indication to the higher layers within the time duration (e.g., at time 3T1) if the beam failure indication was not provided in the previous instance (e.g., at time 2T1). This may enable a beam failure counter not to reset during the BWP transition time. In an example, the not resetting the beam failure counter during the BWP transition time may result in a faster BFR procedure. In an example, the beam failure counter may reach to the beamFailureInstanceMaxCount faster. In an example, in response to the beam failure counter being equal to the beamFailureInstanceMaxCount, the wireless device may initiate a random access procedure for a beam failure. In that case, the wireless device may avoid RLF.

In an example, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device during the time duration (e.g., DRX inactive time, measurement gap, BWP switching). In an example, the beam failure timer (e.g., beamFailureDetectionTimer) may not be reset or stopped during the time duration. In an example, the beam failure timer may not be reset or stopped when the time duration starts (e.g., Ta in FIG. 30). In an example, when the beamFailureDetectionTimer expires during the time duration, the wireless device may not set the beam failure counter (e.g., BFI_COUNTER) to zero.

In an example, a physical layer of the wireless device may not send a beam failure indication (BFI) to a MAC layer of the wireless device during the time duration (e.g., DRX inactive time, measurement gap, BWP switching). In an example, the beam failure timer (e.g., beamFailureDetectionTimer) may be reset or stopped when the time duration starts (e.g., Ta in FIG. 30). In an example, the beam failure timer may not run during the time duration. The resetting the beam failure timer may avoid resetting the beam failure counter (e.g., BFI_COUNTER) to zero.

In an example, the wireless device may restart the beam failure timer (e.g., beamFailureDetectionTimer) when the time duration ends (e.g., Tb in FIG. 30). In an example, the wireless device may restart the beam failure timer (e.g., beamFailureDetectionTimer) with a first BFI outside of the time duration (e.g., Tb in FIG. 30).

In an example, in response to starting the time duration, the wireless device may restart the beam failure timer. This may enable the beam failure counter not to reset to zero during the time duration. In an example, in response to the restarting the beam failure timer, the wireless device may not provide a beam failure indication to a higher layer (e.g., MAC) during the BWP transition time.

In an example, in response to starting the time duration, the wireless device may restart the beam failure timer. This may enable the beam failure counter not to reset to zero during the time duration. In an example, in response to the restarting the beam failure timer, the wireless device may provide a beam failure indication to a higher layer (e.g., MAC) during the time duration if the wireless device may monitor a subset of the one or more RSs before the time duration starts (e.g., between time 2T1 and Ta in FIG. 30).

In an example, the wireless device may provide a beam failure indication to a higher layer (e.g., MAC) during the time duration if the wireless device may monitor a subset of the one or more RSs during a second time duration between a previous instance of beam failure indication and the initiation of the time duration (e.g., between time 2T₁ and T_(a) in FIG. 30). If at least one of the subset of the one or more RSs has a radio link quality higher than a first threshold (e.g., low BLER, high SINR, etc.), the wireless device may not provide a beam failure indication to the higher layers. Otherwise, the wireless device may provide a beam failure indication to the higher layers. In an example, the beam failure indication timer may not be reset and/or stopped in response to starting the time duration.

In an example, the wireless device may always provide a beam failure indication to a higher layer (e.g., MAC) during the time duration. This may enable the beam failure counter not to reset to zero during the time duration. In an example, the beam failure indication timer may not be reset and/or stopped in response to starting the time duration.

In an example, a timing advance group (TAG) containing an SpCell of a wireless device may be referred to as primary timing advance group (PTAG). In an example, a secondary timing advance group (STAG) may refer to other TAGs (e.g., any TAG other than PTAG).

In an example, RRC may configure, a wireless device, with a time alignment timer per TAG. The time alignment timer may be used for a maintenance of uplink time alignment. In an example, one or more serving cells of the wireless device may belong to a TAG. The time alignment timer may control how long the one or more serving cells belonging to the TAG are uplink time aligned.

In an example, a time alignment timer may be associated with a TAG. In an example, a serving cell may belong to the TAG. In an example, the wireless device may not perform an uplink transmission, except a random access preamble transmission, on the serving cell when the time alignment timer is not running.

In an example, a time alignment timer may be associated with a PTAG. When the time alignment timer is not running, the wireless device may not perform an uplink transmission on any serving cell (e.g., associated with PTAG or STAG), except the random access preamble transmission on the SpCell.

In an example, in response to detecting a beam failure, a wireless device may initiate a PUCCH-based beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of a cell. In an example, the cell may be SpCell (e.g., PCell). In an example, the wireless device may be configured with a time alignment timer associated with a TAG (e.g., PTAG). In an example, the cell may belong to the TAG.

In an example, if the time alignment timer expires during the PUCCH-based BFR procedure of the cell, the wireless device may abort the PUCCH-based BFR procedure. In an example, in response to the aborting the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure (e.g., on SpCell).

In an example, in response to the aborting the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may at least: reset a BFR timer (e.g., BFR timer in FIG. 20), reset a first counter (BFR counter in FIG. 20), or reset a first timer (e.g., Response window in FIG. 20).

In an example, if the time alignment timer expires during the PUCCH-based BFR procedure of the cell, the wireless device may not abort the PUCCH-based BFR procedure.

In an example, in response to detecting a beam failure, a wireless device may initiate a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure of a cell. In an example, the BFR procedure may be PUCCH-based BFR procedure. In an example, the BFR procedure may be PRACH-based BFR procedure. In an example, the cell may be SCell. In an example, the wireless device may be configured with a time alignment timer associated with a TAG (e.g., STAG, PTAG). The cell may belong to the TAG.

In an example, if the time alignment timer expires during the BFR procedure of the cell, the wireless device may abort the BFR procedure. In an example, in response to the aborting the BFR procedure, the wireless device may initiate a random-access procedure (e.g., on SpCell).

In an example, in response to the aborting the BFR procedure, the wireless device may at least: reset a BFR timer (e.g., BFR timer in FIG. 20 or beamFailureRecoveryTimer), reset a first counter (BFR counter in FIG. 20 or PREAMBLE TRANSMISSION COUNTER), or reset a first timer (e.g., Response window in FIG. 20 or ra-ResponseWindow).

In an example, if the time alignment timer expires during the BFR procedure of the cell, the wireless device may not abort the BFR procedure.

In an example, in response to the aborting the PUCCH-based BFR procedure, the wireless device may at least: reset the BFR timer (e.g., BFR timer in FIG. 20), reset the first counter (BFR counter in FIG. 20), or reset the first timer (e.g., Response window in FIG. 20).

In an example, if BWP-InactivityTimer is configured, for an SCell, if the Default-DL-BWP is configured, and the active DL BWP is not the BWP indicated by the Default-DL-BWP; or if the Default-DL-BWP is not configured, and the active DL BWP is not the initial BWP: if Random Access procedure is initiated, the MAC entity may not stop the BWP-InactivityTimer associated with the active DL BWP of the activated Serving Cell. The wireless device may stop a second BWP-InactivityTimer associated with a second active DL BWP of an SpCell.

Embodiments may be configured to operate as needed. The disclosed mechanism may be performed when certain criteria are met, for example, in a wireless device, a base station, a radio environment, a network, a combination of the above, and/or the like. Example criteria may be based, at least in part, on for example, wireless device or network node configurations, traffic load, initial system set up, packet sizes, traffic characteristics, a combination of the above, and/or the like. When the one or more criteria are met, various example embodiments may be applied. Therefore, it may be possible to implement example embodiments that selectively implement disclosed protocols.

A base station may communicate with a mix of wireless devices. Wireless devices and/or base stations may support multiple technologies, and/or multiple releases of the same technology. Wireless devices may have some specific capability(ies) depending on wireless device category and/or capability(ies). A base station may comprise multiple sectors. When this disclosure refers to a base station communicating with a plurality of wireless devices, this disclosure may refer to a subset of the total wireless devices in a coverage area. This disclosure may refer to, for example, a plurality of wireless devices of a given LTE or 5G release with a given capability and in a given sector of the base station. The plurality of wireless devices in this disclosure may refer to a selected plurality of wireless devices, and/or a subset of total wireless devices in a coverage area which perform according to disclosed methods, and/or the like. There may be a plurality of base stations or a plurality of wireless devices in a coverage area that may not comply with the disclosed methods, for example, because those wireless devices or base stations perform based on older releases of LTE or 5G technology.

According to various embodiments, a device such as, for example, a wireless device, off-network wireless device, a base station, and/or the like, may comprise one or more processors and memory. The memory may store instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the device to perform a series of actions. Embodiments of example actions are illustrated in the accompanying figures and specification. Features from various embodiments may be combined to create yet further embodiments.

FIG. 31 and FIG. 32 are example flow diagrams as per an aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure. At 3110, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more reference signals for a beam failure detection procedure. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for controlling transitions between a DRX inactive state and a DRX active state. At 3120, the beam failure detection procedure may be performed based on measurements of the one or more reference signals. At 3140, a first value of a counter may be determining based on detecting at least one beam failure instance during the DRX active state (3130). At 3150, based on the DRX configuration, a transition from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state may occur. At 3160, the beam failure detection procedure may be stopped in response to the transitioning. At 3170, after transitioning from the DRX inactive state to the DRX active state, the beam failure detection procedure may continue to perform with the first value of the counter.

According to an example embodiment, the one or more configuration parameters may further indicate a beam failure detection timer. According to an example embodiment, at 3210, the beam failure detection timer may be stopped based on transitioning from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state. According to an example embodiment, at 3220, the beam failure detection timer may be restarted based on transitioning from the DRX inactive state to the DRX active state. According to an example embodiment, at 3230, the beam failure detection timer may be restarted based on transitioning from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state. According to an example embodiment, at 3240, the first value of the counter not be reset to zero based on an expiry of the beam failure detection timer in the DRX inactive state.

According to an example embodiment, the beam failure detection timer may be restarted based on the detecting the at least one beam failure instance. According to an example embodiment, the first value of the counter may be reset to zero based on an expiry of the beam failure detection timer in the DRX active state. According to an example embodiment, the beam failure detection procedure stopping may comprise not providing a beam failure instance indication, by a physical layer of the wireless device, to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device. According to an example embodiment, the beam failure detection procedure may comprise assessing a radio link quality of the one or more reference signals. According to an example embodiment, the detecting at least one beam failure instance may comprise assessing the radio link quality of the one or more reference signals lower than a threshold. According to an example embodiment, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate the threshold. According to an example embodiment, the threshold may be based on a hypothetical block error rate. According to an example embodiment, the stopping the beam failure detection procedure may comprise not assessing a radio link quality of the one or more reference signals.

According to an example embodiment, at 3250, a beam failure instance indication in the DRX inactive state may be provided by a physical layer of the wireless device to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device. The beam failure instance indication may be the same as a previous beam failure instance indication. According to an example embodiment, a beam failure instance indication may be provided by a physical layer of the wireless device to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device in the DRX inactive state. According to an example embodiment, the one or more configuration parameters may indicate a beam failure instance counter. According to an example embodiment, a beam failure recovery procedure may be initiated based on the first value of the counter being equal to or greater than the beam failure instance counter. According to an example embodiment, the one or more reference signals may comprise one or more channel state information RSs. According to an example embodiment, the one or more reference signals may comprise one or more synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel blocks.

FIG. 33 and FIG. 34 are example flow diagrams as per an aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure. At 3310, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate a threshold for a scheduling request (SR) transmission. At 3320, an uplink signal may be transmitted via a PUCCH resource of the one or more PUCCH resources, based on initiating a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure. At 3340, while BFR procedure is ongoing (3330), a number of SR transmissions exceeding the threshold may be determined. At 3350, based on the determining, the one or more PUCCH resources may not be released. At 3360, transmission may occur via the PUCCH resource of the one or more PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure.

According to an example embodiment, at 3410, the BFR procedure may continue based on the determining. According to an example embodiment, the transmitting via the PUCCH resource may comprise the transmitting via the PUCCH resource based on the continuing the BFR procedure. According to an example embodiment, one or more sound reference signals may not be released based on the determining. According to an example embodiment, one or more configured uplink grants may not be released based on the determining. According to an example embodiment, one or more configured downlink assignments may not be released based on the determining. According to an example embodiment, at 3420, a random-access procedure may be not initiating based on the determining.

According to an example embodiment, at 3430, the number of SR transmissions for one or more pending SRs may be performed. According to an example embodiment, at 3440, the one or more pending SRs may not be cancelled based on the determining. According to an example embodiment, at 3450, based on the determining, one or more pending SRs may be suspended until the BFR procedure is completed.

According to an example embodiment, the suspending the one or more pending SRs may comprise not transmitting an uplink signal for the one or more pending SRs until the BFR procedure is completed. According to an example embodiment, a response window may be started based on the transmitting the uplink signal. According to an example embodiment, a beam failure counter may be incremented based on the transmitting the uplink signal.

According to an example embodiment, at 3460, based on the determining, the BFR procedure may not abort. According to an example embodiment, at 3470, based on the determining, the number of SR transmissions may be reset to zero. According to an example embodiment, at 3480, based on the determining, the BFR procedure may abort. According to an example embodiment, the BFR procedure aborting may comprise resetting a beam failure counter. According to an example embodiment, the BFR procedure aborting may comprise resetting a response window. According to an example embodiment, based on the initiating the BFR procedure, a beam failure recovery timer may be started. According to an example embodiment, the BFR procedure aborting may comprise resetting the beam failure recovery timer. According to an example embodiment, the BFR procedure initiating may comprise initiating the BFR procedure based on a first request. According to an example embodiment, the first request may trigger based on a beam failure detection. According to an example embodiment, the BFR procedure aborting may comprise cancelling the first request.

FIG. 35 is an example flow diagram as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. At 3510, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources. At 3530, a scheduling request (SR) procedure may be initiated based on detecting one or more pending SRs (3520). At 3540, a beam failure recovery (BFR) procedure may be initiated. The SR procedure may not successfully complete. At 3550, a determination may be made that the BFR procedure is ongoing when the SR procedure unsuccessfully completes. At 3560, based on the determining, the one or more PUCCH resources may not be released. At 3570, a transmission may occur via a PUCCH resource of the one or more PUCCH resources for the BFR procedure.

FIG. 36 is an example flow diagram as per an aspect of an embodiment of the present disclosure. At 3610, a wireless device may receive one or more messages. The one or more messages may comprise one or more configuration parameters. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more first physical uplink control channel (PUCCH) resources for transmission of a first signal for a beam failure recovery procedure. The one or more configuration parameters may indicate one or more second PUCCH resources for transmission of a second signal for a scheduling request (SR). In response to initiating the beam failure recovery procedure (3620), the transmission of the first signal via a first PUCCH resource of the one or more first PUCCH resources may be triggered at 3630. In response to one or more pending SRs (3640), the transmission of the second signal via a second PUCCH resource of the one or more second PUCCH resources may be triggered at 3650. At 3660, a determination may be made that the first PUCCH resource overlaps, at least partially in time, with the second PUCCH resource. At 3670, the transmission of the second signal may be dropped. At 3680, the first signal may be performed via the first PUCCH resource.

In this disclosure, “a” and “an” and similar phrases are to be interpreted as “at least one” and “one or more.” Similarly, any term that ends with the suffix “(s)” is to be interpreted as “at least one” and “one or more.” In this disclosure, the term “may” is to be interpreted as “may, for example.” In other words, the term “may” is indicative that the phrase following the term “may” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments.

If A and B are sets and every element of A is also an element of B, A is called a subset of B. In this specification, only non-empty sets and subsets are considered. For example, possible subsets of B={cell1, cell2} are: {cell1}, {cell2}, and {cell1, cell2}. The phrase “based on” (or equally “based at least on”) is indicative that the phrase following the term “based on” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “in response to” (or equally “in response at least to”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “in response to” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “depending on” (or equally “depending at least to”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “depending on” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments. The phrase “employing/using” (or equally “employing/using at least”) is indicative that the phrase following the phrase “employing/using” is an example of one of a multitude of suitable possibilities that may, or may not, be employed to one or more of the various embodiments.

The term configured may relate to the capacity of a device whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. Configured may also refer to specific settings in a device that effect the operational characteristics of the device whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state. In other words, the hardware, software, firmware, registers, memory values, and/or the like may be “configured” within a device, whether the device is in an operational or nonoperational state, to provide the device with specific characteristics. Terms such as “a control message to cause in a device” may mean that a control message has parameters that may be used to configure specific characteristics or may be used to implement certain actions in the device, whether the device is in an operational or non-operational state

In this disclosure, various embodiments are disclosed. Limitations, features, and/or elements from the disclosed example embodiments may be combined to create further embodiments within the scope of the disclosure.

In this disclosure, parameters (or equally called, fields, or Information elements: IEs) may comprise one or more information objects, and an information object may comprise one or more other objects. For example, if parameter (IE) N comprises parameter (IE) M, and parameter (IE) M comprises parameter (IE) K, and parameter (IE) K comprises parameter (information element) J. Then, for example, N comprises K, and N comprises J. In an example embodiment, when one or more messages comprise a plurality of parameters, it implies that a parameter in the plurality of parameters is in at least one of the one or more messages, but does not have to be in each of the one or more messages.

Furthermore, many features presented above are described as being optional through the use of “may” or the use of parentheses. For the sake of brevity and legibility, the present disclosure does not explicitly recite each and every permutation that may be obtained by choosing from the set of optional features. However, the present disclosure is to be interpreted as explicitly disclosing all such permutations. For example, a system described as having three optional features may be embodied in seven different ways, namely with just one of the three possible features, with any two of the three possible features or with all three of the three possible features.

Many of the elements described in the disclosed embodiments may be implemented as modules. A module is defined here as an element that performs a defined function and has a defined interface to other elements. The modules described in this disclosure may be implemented in hardware, software in combination with hardware, firmware, wetware (i.e. hardware with a biological element) or a combination thereof, all of which may be behaviorally equivalent. For example, modules may be implemented as a software routine written in a computer language configured to be executed by a hardware machine (such as C, C++, Fortran, Java, Basic, Matlab or the like) or a modeling/simulation program such as Simulink, Stateflow, GNU Octave, or LabVIEWMathScript. Additionally, it may be possible to implement modules using physical hardware that incorporates discrete or programmable analog, digital and/or quantum hardware. Examples of programmable hardware comprise: computers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs); field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs); and complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs). Computers, microcontrollers and microprocessors are programmed using languages such as assembly, C, C++ or the like. FPGAs, ASICs and CPLDs are often programmed using hardware description languages (HDL) such as VHSIC hardware description language (VHDL) or Verilog that configure connections between internal hardware modules with lesser functionality on a programmable device. The above mentioned technologies are often used in combination to achieve the result of a functional module.

The disclosure of this patent document incorporates material which is subject to copyright protection. The copyright owner has no objection to the facsimile reproduction by anyone of the patent document or the patent disclosure, as it appears in the Patent and Trademark Office patent file or records, for the limited purposes required by law, but otherwise reserves all copyright rights whatsoever.

While various embodiments have been described above, it should be understood that they have been presented by way of example, and not limitation. It will be apparent to persons skilled in the relevant art(s) that various changes in form and detail can be made therein without departing from the scope. In fact, after reading the above description, it will be apparent to one skilled in the relevant art(s) how to implement alternative embodiments. Thus, the present embodiments should not be limited by any of the above described exemplary embodiments.

In addition, it should be understood that any figures which highlight the functionality and advantages, are presented for example purposes only. The disclosed architecture is sufficiently flexible and configurable, such that it may be utilized in ways other than that shown. For example, the actions listed in any flowchart may be re-ordered or only optionally used in some embodiments.

Further, the purpose of the Abstract of the Disclosure is to enable the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and the public generally, and especially the scientists, engineers and practitioners in the art who are not familiar with patent or legal terms or phraseology, to determine quickly from a cursory inspection the nature and essence of the technical disclosure of the application. The Abstract of the Disclosure is not intended to be limiting as to the scope in any way.

Finally, it is the applicant's intent that only claims that include the express language “means for” or “step for” be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112. Claims that do not expressly include the phrase “means for” or “step for” are not to be interpreted under 35 U.S.C. 112. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method comprising: receiving, by a wireless device, one or more messages comprising one or more configuration parameters indicating: one or more reference signals for a beam failure detection procedure; and a discontinuous reception (DRX) configuration for controlling transitions between a DRX inactive state and a DRX active state; performing the beam failure detection procedure based on measurements of the one or more reference signals; determining a first value of a counter based on detecting at least one beam failure instance during the DRX active state; transitioning from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state based on the DRX configuration; stopping the beam failure detection procedure in response to the transitioning; and continuing to perform the beam failure detection procedure with the first value of the counter after transitioning from the DRX inactive state to the DRX active state.
 2. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more configuration parameters further indicate a beam failure detection timer.
 3. The method of claim 2, further comprising stopping the beam failure detection timer based on transitioning from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state.
 4. The method of claim 2, further comprising restarting the beam failure detection timer based on transitioning from the DRX inactive state to the DRX active state.
 5. The method of claim 2, further comprising restarting the beam failure detection timer based on transitioning from the DRX active state to the DRX inactive state.
 6. The method of claim 2, further comprising not resetting the first value of the counter to zero based on an expiry of the beam failure detection timer in the DRX inactive state.
 7. The method of claim 2, further comprising restarting the beam failure detection timer based on the detecting the at least one beam failure instance.
 8. The method of claim 2, further comprising resetting the first value of the counter to zero based on an expiry of the beam failure detection timer in the DRX active state.
 9. The method of claim 1, wherein the stopping the beam failure detection procedure comprises not providing a beam failure instance indication, by a physical layer of the wireless device, to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device.
 10. The method of claim 1, wherein the performing the beam failure detection procedure comprises assessing a radio link quality of the one or more reference signals.
 11. The method of claim 10, wherein the detecting at least one beam failure instance comprises assessing the radio link quality of the one or more reference signals lower than a threshold.
 12. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more configuration parameters indicate the threshold.
 13. The method of claim 11, wherein the threshold is based on a hypothetical block error rate.
 14. The method of claim 1, wherein the stopping the beam failure detection procedure comprises not assessing a radio link quality of the one or more reference signals.
 15. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a beam failure instance indication in the DRX inactive state, by a physical layer of the wireless device to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device, wherein the beam failure instance indication is the same as a previous beam failure instance indication.
 16. The method of claim 1, further comprising providing a beam failure instance indication, by a physical layer of the wireless device, to a medium-access control layer of the wireless device in the DRX inactive state.
 17. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more configuration parameters further indicate a beam failure instance counter.
 18. The method of claim 17, further comprising initiating a beam failure recovery procedure based on the first value of the counter being equal to or greater than the beam failure instance counter.
 19. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more reference signals comprise one or more channel state information RSs.
 20. The method of claim 1, wherein the one or more reference signals comprise one or more synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel blocks. 